Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does the author suggest is at stake in the decision to adopt the new Constitution?
What does the author suggest is at stake in the decision to adopt the new Constitution?
- Just the resolution of minor disagreements between different states.
- The future safety, welfare, and existence of the Union, influencing the course of governance for societies worldwide. (correct)
- Only the economic well-being of individual states.
- Primarily the careers and future prospects of state-level politicians.
The author anticipates resistance to the new Constitution stemming from which group?
The author anticipates resistance to the new Constitution stemming from which group?
- Foreign governments seeking to undermine the new nation's stability.
- Those who stand to lose power, benefits, or status under the existing state systems, and those who see personal advantage in a disunited nation. (correct)
- Citizens who are apathetic and generally uninterested in political affairs.
- Religious leaders concerned about the separation of church and state.
According to the author, what complicates the process of making a judicious choice about the Constitution?
According to the author, what complicates the process of making a judicious choice about the Constitution?
- The plan's potential impact on various special interests and local customs, leading to biased and emotionally charged debates. (correct)
- A lack of public interest in political matters.
- A general satisfaction with the existing government.
- The complexity of the document itself is too hard to understand.
What does the author imply about previous attempts at forming governments?
What does the author imply about previous attempts at forming governments?
What is the author's main purpose in writing this?
What is the author's main purpose in writing this?
The author uses the phrase "the general misfortune of mankind". In what context is this phrase used?
The author uses the phrase "the general misfortune of mankind". In what context is this phrase used?
The author mentions 'the inducements of philanthropy'. What does this suggest about the author's view of the decision regarding the Constitution?
The author mentions 'the inducements of philanthropy'. What does this suggest about the author's view of the decision regarding the Constitution?
What underlying assumption does the author make about human nature?
What underlying assumption does the author make about human nature?
What potential source of opposition does the author acknowledge as being possibly 'respectable'?
What potential source of opposition does the author acknowledge as being possibly 'respectable'?
The author suggests that wise and good people can be found on opposing sides of important societal questions due to what?
The author suggests that wise and good people can be found on opposing sides of important societal questions due to what?
What lesson does the author say should be learned from the observation that good people can reach different conclusions?
What lesson does the author say should be learned from the observation that good people can reach different conclusions?
In the context of political disputes, the author cautions against assuming that advocates of the truth are driven by purer motives than their adversaries. What reasons does the author suggest contribute to this caution?
In the context of political disputes, the author cautions against assuming that advocates of the truth are driven by purer motives than their adversaries. What reasons does the author suggest contribute to this caution?
What historical pattern does the author highlight regarding individuals who have overthrown republics?
What historical pattern does the author highlight regarding individuals who have overthrown republics?
According to the author, what is often mistaken as hostility to liberty?
According to the author, what is often mistaken as hostility to liberty?
Why does the author consider vigor of government essential to the security of liberty?
Why does the author consider vigor of government essential to the security of liberty?
What specific position does the author take regarding the new Constitution?
What specific position does the author take regarding the new Constitution?
The author intends to present the reasons for his support of the Constitution in what manner?
The author intends to present the reasons for his support of the Constitution in what manner?
What is the first topic the author intends to address in his series of papers?
What is the first topic the author intends to address in his series of papers?
What is the author's view on attempts to influence decisions through means other than evidence of truth?
What is the author's view on attempts to influence decisions through means other than evidence of truth?
The author plans to address objections to the Constitution that:
The author plans to address objections to the Constitution that:
What does the author suggest is a common consequence of great national discussions?
What does the author suggest is a common consequence of great national discussions?
According to the author, what is the relationship between jealousy and love?
According to the author, what is the relationship between jealousy and love?
What comparison does the author draw between politics and religion, in the context of promoting one's views?
What comparison does the author draw between politics and religion, in the context of promoting one's views?
What was the primary goal of the convention in proposing a new plan to the people?
What was the primary goal of the convention in proposing a new plan to the people?
What is the author's main concern regarding the public's consideration of the proposed plan?
What is the author's main concern regarding the public's consideration of the proposed plan?
According to the author, what is a key reason why the people should respect the judgment of the convention?
According to the author, what is a key reason why the people should respect the judgment of the convention?
What does the author suggest will happen if the Union dissolves?
What does the author suggest will happen if the Union dissolves?
How does the author characterize the American people's view on the importance of the Union?
How does the author characterize the American people's view on the importance of the Union?
According to the author, what should a wise and free people prioritize?
According to the author, what should a wise and free people prioritize?
The author mentions the Congress of 1774 to illustrate what point?
The author mentions the Congress of 1774 to illustrate what point?
If an individual were to argue that the proposed plan should be rejected because it concentrates too much power in a central authority, how might the author respond based on the provided text?
If an individual were to argue that the proposed plan should be rejected because it concentrates too much power in a central authority, how might the author respond based on the provided text?
Which of the following best describes the author's view on the idea of dividing the nation into multiple confederacies?
Which of the following best describes the author's view on the idea of dividing the nation into multiple confederacies?
From the context, what can be inferred about the composition of the convention?
From the context, what can be inferred about the composition of the convention?
The author draws parallels between the current situation and the Congress of 1774 to primarily:
The author draws parallels between the current situation and the Congress of 1774 to primarily:
Why does the author emphasize that the proposed plan is 'RECOMMENDED, not imposed'?
Why does the author emphasize that the proposed plan is 'RECOMMENDED, not imposed'?
How does mention of people pursuing ambition that did not correspond to the public good relate to the central argument?
How does mention of people pursuing ambition that did not correspond to the public good relate to the central argument?
What rhetorical device does the author employ to appeal to the readers?
What rhetorical device does the author employ to appeal to the readers?
Which statement aligns with the author's perspective on public opinion and the importance of the Union?
Which statement aligns with the author's perspective on public opinion and the importance of the Union?
What is the central question the author believes the American people must consider?
What is the central question the author believes the American people must consider?
What prior belief regarding the union of America does the author mention is now being questioned?
What prior belief regarding the union of America does the author mention is now being questioned?
What does the author suggest about the physical characteristics of America?
What does the author suggest about the physical characteristics of America?
Which of the following best captures the author's view of the American people?
Which of the following best captures the author's view of the American people?
What historical event does the author reference to illustrate the importance of unity?
What historical event does the author reference to illustrate the importance of unity?
Why, according to the author, was the initial federal government inadequate?
Why, according to the author, was the initial federal government inadequate?
What action did the people take to address the shortcomings of the initial federal government?
What action did the people take to address the shortcomings of the initial federal government?
What must people do when a government is instituted?
What must people do when a government is instituted?
What does the author imply by mentioning that some individuals have changed their stance on the necessity of a strong union?
What does the author imply by mentioning that some individuals have changed their stance on the necessity of a strong union?
What is the author's primary concern about the idea of separate confederacies?
What is the author's primary concern about the idea of separate confederacies?
The author alludes to the idea that America is particularly well-suited for unity because of what?
The author alludes to the idea that America is particularly well-suited for unity because of what?
What does the author propose to examine in the subsequent address?
What does the author propose to examine in the subsequent address?
What does the author suggest is the relationship between liberty and a strong national government?
What does the author suggest is the relationship between liberty and a strong national government?
The author mentions that the American people have acted as one nation in all EXCEPT which of the following?
The author mentions that the American people have acted as one nation in all EXCEPT which of the following?
What is the implied purpose of the author in highlighting the potential dangers of disunion?
What is the implied purpose of the author in highlighting the potential dangers of disunion?
Why is a unified national government better equipped to handle treaties and international laws compared to individual states or confederacies?
Why is a unified national government better equipped to handle treaties and international laws compared to individual states or confederacies?
How does the text argue that a national government is less susceptible to local temptations that might cause it to violate treaties or international laws?
How does the text argue that a national government is less susceptible to local temptations that might cause it to violate treaties or international laws?
The text suggests that a strong national government is better at preventing and punishing violations of treaties and international laws. What is the primary reason given for this?
The text suggests that a strong national government is better at preventing and punishing violations of treaties and international laws. What is the primary reason given for this?
According to the content, how does a national government provide more security against unlawful violence compared to individual states or confederacies?
According to the content, how does a national government provide more security against unlawful violence compared to individual states or confederacies?
The text implies that individual states are more likely to provoke Indian hostilities than a federal government. What justification does the excerpt provide?
The text implies that individual states are more likely to provoke Indian hostilities than a federal government. What justification does the excerpt provide?
How does the text suggest that a national government's broader scope for selecting officials contributes to its superior governance?
How does the text suggest that a national government's broader scope for selecting officials contributes to its superior governance?
Why might the 'neighborhood' of Spain and Britain be a concern for America, according to the excerpt?
Why might the 'neighborhood' of Spain and Britain be a concern for America, according to the excerpt?
One of the primary reasons for war is 'the number and weight of the causes.' What does this imply about the relationship between reasons for conflict and the likelihood of war?
One of the primary reasons for war is 'the number and weight of the causes.' What does this imply about the relationship between reasons for conflict and the likelihood of war?
Which reason does the text offer to support the claim that unified governments are more capable of avoiding wars?
Which reason does the text offer to support the claim that unified governments are more capable of avoiding wars?
What specific attribute of the national government does the text suggest will lead to safer interactions and relationships with other nations?
What specific attribute of the national government does the text suggest will lead to safer interactions and relationships with other nations?
Why is stability in interpreting treaties and laws more likely to occur under a national government than under separate states?
Why is stability in interpreting treaties and laws more likely to occur under a national government than under separate states?
The text notes that America has treaties with six foreign nations, most of whom are 'maritime.' Why is their maritime nature significant in the context of potential conflicts?
The text notes that America has treaties with six foreign nations, most of whom are 'maritime.' Why is their maritime nature significant in the context of potential conflicts?
In the context of the excerpt, what is the most significant benefit of a national government in relation to foreign powers?
In the context of the excerpt, what is the most significant benefit of a national government in relation to foreign powers?
How does the text suggest that the judicial decisions of a national government would be more beneficial to the country's safety and reputation than those of individual states?
How does the text suggest that the judicial decisions of a national government would be more beneficial to the country's safety and reputation than those of individual states?
What does the reference to the 'treaty of peace with Britain' imply about the effectiveness of the existing government at the time of writing?
What does the reference to the 'treaty of peace with Britain' imply about the effectiveness of the existing government at the time of writing?
What is the primary advantage of a national government in preventing wars with other nations?
What is the primary advantage of a national government in preventing wars with other nations?
Why is a strong, united nation more likely to receive satisfactory acknowledgments and compensations than a weaker state, according to the text?
Why is a strong, united nation more likely to receive satisfactory acknowledgments and compensations than a weaker state, according to the text?
The example of Louis XIV's demand from Genoa illustrates which point about international relations?
The example of Louis XIV's demand from Genoa illustrates which point about international relations?
What does the the text suggest is a key factor, besides avoiding just causes, in preventing foreign aggression?
What does the the text suggest is a key factor, besides avoiding just causes, in preventing foreign aggression?
The text implies that absolute monarchs are more likely to initiate wars for what reason, compared to other forms of government?
The text implies that absolute monarchs are more likely to initiate wars for what reason, compared to other forms of government?
Which of the following is a potential source of conflict between the United States and European nations?
Which of the following is a potential source of conflict between the United States and European nations?
How does the text suggest the cheapness and excellence of American products, combined with other factors, might affect nations with territories near the continent?
How does the text suggest the cheapness and excellence of American products, combined with other factors, might affect nations with territories near the continent?
What is the significance of Spain closing the Mississippi River and Britain excluding the U.S. from the Saint Lawrence?
What is the significance of Spain closing the Mississippi River and Britain excluding the U.S. from the Saint Lawrence?
The text suggests that other nations might view the advancement of the U.S. with what sentiment?
The text suggests that other nations might view the advancement of the U.S. with what sentiment?
What do wise people in America consider necessary to deter war?
What do wise people in America consider necessary to deter war?
How might a national government be ‘more in their power to accommodate and settle them amicably’?
How might a national government be ‘more in their power to accommodate and settle them amicably’?
Complete this paraphrased quote from the text, 'nations in general will make war whenever...'?
Complete this paraphrased quote from the text, 'nations in general will make war whenever...'?
The text suggests that absolute monarchs are more likely to engage in wars driven by:
The text suggests that absolute monarchs are more likely to engage in wars driven by:
What does the text imply about the relationship between a nation's commercial success and its international relations?
What does the text imply about the relationship between a nation's commercial success and its international relations?
What is the main idea?
What is the main idea?
What is the likely consequence of smaller states creating standing armies for protection?
What is the likely consequence of smaller states creating standing armies for protection?
What does the author imply about the relationship between a strong union and the need for standing armies?
What does the author imply about the relationship between a strong union and the need for standing armies?
Which of the following best describes the author's attitude toward the potential existence of standing armies under the proposed Constitution?
Which of the following best describes the author's attitude toward the potential existence of standing armies under the proposed Constitution?
According to the author, what is the most significant risk associated with dissolving the Confederacy?
According to the author, what is the most significant risk associated with dissolving the Confederacy?
According to the content, what is the primary advantage of a unified government in terms of national defense?
According to the content, what is the primary advantage of a unified government in terms of national defense?
What underlying fear does the author express regarding the balance between security and liberty?
What underlying fear does the author express regarding the balance between security and liberty?
What potential danger does the text suggest arises when states or regions form separate confederacies instead of a unified nation?
What potential danger does the text suggest arises when states or regions form separate confederacies instead of a unified nation?
According to the content, how does a unified government improve the efficiency of a national militia?
According to the content, how does a unified government improve the efficiency of a national militia?
What outcome is suggested for a nation that is divided into multiple independent republics or confederacies?
What outcome is suggested for a nation that is divided into multiple independent republics or confederacies?
Which of the following best describes the role of a national government in promoting a strong naval force, according to the content?
Which of the following best describes the role of a national government in promoting a strong naval force, according to the content?
Why might foreign nations be more inclined to cultivate friendship with a nation that has an efficient and well-administered government?
Why might foreign nations be more inclined to cultivate friendship with a nation that has an efficient and well-administered government?
What does the reference to Queen Anne's letter to the Scotch Parliament suggest about the union between England and Scotland?
What does the reference to Queen Anne's letter to the Scotch Parliament suggest about the union between England and Scotland?
What is the main point of the comparison between a unified Great Britain and a hypothetical divided Britain with separate governments for England, Scotland, and Wales?
What is the main point of the comparison between a unified Great Britain and a hypothetical divided Britain with separate governments for England, Scotland, and Wales?
In the context of potential foreign invasion, what is one of the main concerns raised about a divided America compared to a unified one?
In the context of potential foreign invasion, what is one of the main concerns raised about a divided America compared to a unified one?
What is the most likely outcome if the proposed confederacies adopt distinct treaties?
What is the most likely outcome if the proposed confederacies adopt distinct treaties?
According to the content, what is a key advantage of a unified government in treaty formation?
According to the content, what is a key advantage of a unified government in treaty formation?
Why might separate American confederacies be more inclined to seek foreign alliances against each other rather than uniting against foreign threats?
Why might separate American confederacies be more inclined to seek foreign alliances against each other rather than uniting against foreign threats?
What is the significance of the reference to the history of the states of Greece and other countries in the context of the discussion about a unified government?
What is the significance of the reference to the history of the states of Greece and other countries in the context of the discussion about a unified government?
What is the primary concern about the militia if it were divided into thirteen, three, or four distinct independent companies?
What is the primary concern about the militia if it were divided into thirteen, three, or four distinct independent companies?
What historical precedent does the author invoke to caution against reliance on foreign powers for protection?
What historical precedent does the author invoke to caution against reliance on foreign powers for protection?
How does the content suggest foreign nations would view America if it were split into multiple independent republics or confederacies, each with different inclinations towards European powers?
How does the content suggest foreign nations would view America if it were split into multiple independent republics or confederacies, each with different inclinations towards European powers?
According to the author, what is a primary danger arising from disunity among the states?
According to the author, what is a primary danger arising from disunity among the states?
What assumption about human nature underlies the author's argument regarding the dangers of disunity?
What assumption about human nature underlies the author's argument regarding the dangers of disunity?
Which of the following scenarios would a single national government be better equipped to address, according to the content?
Which of the following scenarios would a single national government be better equipped to address, according to the content?
Which factor does the author identify as a common source of conflict between commercial nations?
Which factor does the author identify as a common source of conflict between commercial nations?
What is the importance of having the militia officers in proper subordination to the Chief Magistrate?
What is the importance of having the militia officers in proper subordination to the Chief Magistrate?
According to the author, what role do individual passions play in igniting conflicts between nations?
According to the author, what role do individual passions play in igniting conflicts between nations?
What is the significance of Pericles's actions in the context of the author's argument?
What is the significance of Pericles's actions in the context of the author's argument?
What motivated Cardinal Wolsey to incite England to war with France, according to the author?
What motivated Cardinal Wolsey to incite England to war with France, according to the author?
What does the author imply about the likelihood of harmony among independent, unconnected sovereignties?
What does the author imply about the likelihood of harmony among independent, unconnected sovereignties?
According to the author, what is the relationship between differing commercial interests and political connections?
According to the author, what is the relationship between differing commercial interests and political connections?
What is the author's opinion on the role of 'Utopian speculations' in deliberations about the future of the states?
What is the author's opinion on the role of 'Utopian speculations' in deliberations about the future of the states?
What common thread links the examples of Pericles and Cardinal Wolsey in the author's argument?
What common thread links the examples of Pericles and Cardinal Wolsey in the author's argument?
Which of the following best describes the author's method of argumentation?
Which of the following best describes the author's method of argumentation?
According to the author, how might the geographic distance of America from Europe influence the foreign policy decisions of separate confederacies?
According to the author, how might the geographic distance of America from Europe influence the foreign policy decisions of separate confederacies?
According to the author, what is the most likely consequence of dividing America into multiple confederacies?
According to the author, what is the most likely consequence of dividing America into multiple confederacies?
The author uses the example of Great Britain to illustrate what potential pitfall of divided nations?
The author uses the example of Great Britain to illustrate what potential pitfall of divided nations?
What does the author suggest will happen when one confederacy becomes significantly more powerful than the others?
What does the author suggest will happen when one confederacy becomes significantly more powerful than the others?
What is the author's primary concern regarding alliances between separate American confederacies?
What is the author's primary concern regarding alliances between separate American confederacies?
The author draws a parallel between the potential Northern confederacy and the nations of southern Europe to suggest what outcome?
The author draws a parallel between the potential Northern confederacy and the nations of southern Europe to suggest what outcome?
What is the author's view of the idea that offensive and defensive alliances could easily be formed between separate confederacies?
What is the author's view of the idea that offensive and defensive alliances could easily be formed between separate confederacies?
The author quotes an excerpt promoting a union, highlighting which anticipated benefits?
The author quotes an excerpt promoting a union, highlighting which anticipated benefits?
What does the author suggest is a necessary condition for the 'happy conclusion' of the proposed union?
What does the author suggest is a necessary condition for the 'happy conclusion' of the proposed union?
What potential consequence does the author foresee if America divides into multiple nations regarding its relationship with other countries?
What potential consequence does the author foresee if America divides into multiple nations regarding its relationship with other countries?
According to the author, what is a likely consequence of multiple confederacies having different levels of 'sound policy, prudence, and foresight'?
According to the author, what is a likely consequence of multiple confederacies having different levels of 'sound policy, prudence, and foresight'?
Why does the author bring up the history of Great Britain in the discussion about the potential union of America?
Why does the author bring up the history of Great Britain in the discussion about the potential union of America?
The author suggests which factor could disrupt initial equality even if separate American confederacies are equal at first?
The author suggests which factor could disrupt initial equality even if separate American confederacies are equal at first?
What underlying assumption does the author make about the behavior of neighboring nations?
What underlying assumption does the author make about the behavior of neighboring nations?
What main point is the author trying to make by stating some nations might wish to see America 'FORMIDABLE ONLY TO EACH OTHER'?
What main point is the author trying to make by stating some nations might wish to see America 'FORMIDABLE ONLY TO EACH OTHER'?
What is the most likely long-term consequence that the author predicts for separate American confederacies?
What is the most likely long-term consequence that the author predicts for separate American confederacies?
The author cites the example of Shays' Rebellion to illustrate what broader point?
The author cites the example of Shays' Rebellion to illustrate what broader point?
What is the author's primary objection to the idea that republics are inherently peaceful?
What is the author's primary objection to the idea that republics are inherently peaceful?
The author uses historical examples of republics like Sparta, Athens, Rome and Carthage to show that:
The author uses historical examples of republics like Sparta, Athens, Rome and Carthage to show that:
According to the author, how does commerce influence warfare?
According to the author, how does commerce influence warfare?
What does the author imply about the role of popular opinion in monarchies, specifically referencing Britain?
What does the author imply about the role of popular opinion in monarchies, specifically referencing Britain?
The author references the conflict between Austria and Bourbon to demonstrate that:
The author references the conflict between Austria and Bourbon to demonstrate that:
What underlying assumption does the author make about 'projectors in politics'?
What underlying assumption does the author make about 'projectors in politics'?
The author's rhetorical questions throughout the passage primarily serve to:
The author's rhetorical questions throughout the passage primarily serve to:
What does the author suggest about the 'spirit of commerce'?
What does the author suggest about the 'spirit of commerce'?
What is the most likely reason the author mentions the influence of specific women on European politics?
What is the most likely reason the author mentions the influence of specific women on European politics?
The author contrasts 'momentary passions and immediate interest' with 'general or remote considerations of policy, utility or justice' to emphasize:
The author contrasts 'momentary passions and immediate interest' with 'general or remote considerations of policy, utility or justice' to emphasize:
What is the author's primary concern regarding the separation of the American states?
What is the author's primary concern regarding the separation of the American states?
The author's argument relies most heavily on what type of evidence?
The author's argument relies most heavily on what type of evidence?
By describing Sparta as 'little better than a well-regulated camp,' the author is suggesting that:
By describing Sparta as 'little better than a well-regulated camp,' the author is suggesting that:
What can be inferred from the author's reference to Holland's eventual decline due to 'debts and taxes'?
What can be inferred from the author's reference to Holland's eventual decline due to 'debts and taxes'?
What is the likely consequence if states fail to meet financial obligations under a common agreement?
What is the likely consequence if states fail to meet financial obligations under a common agreement?
Why might states be unwilling to revise a funding rule that initially seemed fair?
Why might states be unwilling to revise a funding rule that initially seemed fair?
How does the author believe foreign powers would react to the disunity and financial instability of the states?
How does the author believe foreign powers would react to the disunity and financial instability of the states?
What does the author suggest will happen if states legislate in ways that violate private contracts?
What does the author suggest will happen if states legislate in ways that violate private contracts?
What is the significance of the author's reference to the conflict between Connecticut and Rhode Island?
What is the significance of the author's reference to the conflict between Connecticut and Rhode Island?
What claim does the author make about wars between states in the absence of a strong union?
What claim does the author make about wars between states in the absence of a strong union?
What does the author suggest about the relationship between military establishments and liberty?
What does the author suggest about the relationship between military establishments and liberty?
According to the author, what is a key difference between warfare in Europe and what it would likely be among disunited American states?
According to the author, what is a key difference between warfare in Europe and what it would likely be among disunited American states?
What prediction does the author make about the prioritization of liberty in a state of continual danger and war?
What prediction does the author make about the prioritization of liberty in a state of continual danger and war?
What does the author imply regarding the ease of conquering neighboring states in a disunited America?
What does the author imply regarding the ease of conquering neighboring states in a disunited America?
What is the author's view on the role of fortifications in warfare?
What is the author's view on the role of fortifications in warfare?
What does the author say regarding the state of the military if it is not unified?
What does the author say regarding the state of the military if it is not unified?
What do the calamities of individuals amount to during events which characterize our military exploits?
What do the calamities of individuals amount to during events which characterize our military exploits?
What will the continual effort and alarm attendant on a state of continual danger cause?
What will the continual effort and alarm attendant on a state of continual danger cause?
Why would plunder and devastation ever march in the train of irregulars during war between states?
Why would plunder and devastation ever march in the train of irregulars during war between states?
What is the author's primary concern regarding the potential disunion of the states?
What is the author's primary concern regarding the potential disunion of the states?
The author cites disturbances and rebellions to highlight what?
The author cites disturbances and rebellions to highlight what?
What political axiom does the author introduce to support the argument about the dangers of disunity?
What political axiom does the author introduce to support the argument about the dangers of disunity?
How does the author use the example of 'crown lands' to illustrate a potential problem arising from disunion?
How does the author use the example of 'crown lands' to illustrate a potential problem arising from disunion?
What does the author imply about the Articles of Confederation when discussing territorial disputes?
What does the author imply about the Articles of Confederation when discussing territorial disputes?
What outcome does the author foresee regarding the Western territory if the Union dissolves?
What outcome does the author foresee regarding the Western territory if the Union dissolves?
In the event of disunion, why would states that ceded land to the Union potentially reclaim it?
In the event of disunion, why would states that ceded land to the Union potentially reclaim it?
What point does the author make by referencing the dispute between Connecticut and Pennsylvania over the land at Wyoming?
What point does the author make by referencing the dispute between Connecticut and Pennsylvania over the land at Wyoming?
The author's tone throughout the passage can best be described as:
The author's tone throughout the passage can best be described as:
How does the author attempt to counteract arguments minimizing the risk of conflict between disunited states?
How does the author attempt to counteract arguments minimizing the risk of conflict between disunited states?
What does the author suggest is a necessary condition for nations to avoid conflict, according to the 'intelligent writer' quoted?
What does the author suggest is a necessary condition for nations to avoid conflict, according to the 'intelligent writer' quoted?
The author anticipates that disagreements over the apportionment of the Western territory in a disunited nation would arise from:
The author anticipates that disagreements over the apportionment of the Western territory in a disunited nation would arise from:
What does the author imply about the nature of political compromise when discussing the cession of Western lands to the Union?
What does the author imply about the nature of political compromise when discussing the cession of Western lands to the Union?
What is the author’s view of idle theories promising exemption from societal imperfections?
What is the author’s view of idle theories promising exemption from societal imperfections?
What does the author suggest about the nature of disputes between states?
What does the author suggest about the nature of disputes between states?
What can be inferred about the author's view on the relationship between commerce and state relations?
What can be inferred about the author's view on the relationship between commerce and state relations?
What does the author imply about the spirit of enterprise in America?
What does the author imply about the spirit of enterprise in America?
Why does the author use New York, Connecticut, and New Jersey as an example?
Why does the author use New York, Connecticut, and New Jersey as an example?
What concern does the author express regarding the public debt of the Union?
What concern does the author express regarding the public debt of the Union?
What is implied about states that are indifferent to paying the domestic debt?
What is implied about states that are indifferent to paying the domestic debt?
The author suggests that disagreements over the public debt would be intensified by what factor?
The author suggests that disagreements over the public debt would be intensified by what factor?
What is the significance of the historical conflict between Connecticut and Vermont mentioned in the text?
What is the significance of the historical conflict between Connecticut and Vermont mentioned in the text?
What does the author suggest regarding the motives of smaller states concerning larger, growing states?
What does the author suggest regarding the motives of smaller states concerning larger, growing states?
What is the author implying when stating WE SHOULD BE READY TO DENOMINATE INJURIES THOSE THINGS WHICH WERE IN REALITY THE JUSTIFIABLE ACTS OF INDEPENDENT SOVEREIGNTIES CONSULTING A DISTINCT INTEREST?
What is the author implying when stating WE SHOULD BE READY TO DENOMINATE INJURIES THOSE THINGS WHICH WERE IN REALITY THE JUSTIFIABLE ACTS OF INDEPENDENT SOVEREIGNTIES CONSULTING A DISTINCT INTEREST?
If the states were disunited, what would happen regarding commercial policy?
If the states were disunited, what would happen regarding commercial policy?
What is a likely consequence of states trying to secure exclusive benefits to their own citizens through regulations of trade, if the states were disunited?
What is a likely consequence of states trying to secure exclusive benefits to their own citizens through regulations of trade, if the states were disunited?
What does Maryland's initial support for Vermont's independence, and subsequent shift in views, best illustrate?
What does Maryland's initial support for Vermont's independence, and subsequent shift in views, best illustrate?
What would be the result of the habits of Intercourse, on the basis of equal privileges, to which we have been accustomed since the earliest settlement of the country?
What would be the result of the habits of Intercourse, on the basis of equal privileges, to which we have been accustomed since the earliest settlement of the country?
Some states are creditors to the public beyond proportion of the State in the total amount of the national debt, what affect would this have?
Some states are creditors to the public beyond proportion of the State in the total amount of the national debt, what affect would this have?
Flashcards
Inefficiency of the Federal Government
Inefficiency of the Federal Government
The existing US government was ineffective prior to the Constitution.
Importance of the Constitution
Importance of the Constitution
The new Constitution's success is vital for the Union's existence, safety, and welfare.
Opportunity for Self-Governance
Opportunity for Self-Governance
The US has the opportunity to establish good governance through reason and choice, not just accident or force.
Crisis as an Era of Decision
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Remedy of confederation
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Desultory and Predatory
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Plunder and Devastation
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Destruction of Life and Property
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Compelling Nations
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Reversal of Scene
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Study Notes
- The people of New York are called to consider a new Constitution for the United States, a matter of great importance for the Union's existence, safety, and welfare.
- It's been suggested that Americans have the opportunity to decide if societies can establish good governments through reflection and choice, not just accident and force.
- The decision on the Constitution is a critical moment that could impact all of mankind, and good men must carefully consider the options.
- A judicious estimate of true interests, free from irrelevant considerations, is needed for the choice to be happy.
- The plan affects many interests and local institutions, leading to discussions of irrelevant objects, views, passions, and prejudices.
- Those holding state offices may resist changes that diminish their power and benefits.
- Some might hope to benefit from national confusion or prefer elevation in smaller confederacies over a united government.
- It's important to be candid and admit that even those who oppose may have honest intentions rooted in preconceived fears.
- People often hold incorrect views, so moderation is crucial, and those advocating for the truth aren't always motivated by pure intentions.
- Intolerance is counterproductive in politics, and angry passions will be unleashed during national discussions.
- Advocates for government energy may be labeled as despotic, while those overly concerned with rights may be seen as disingenuous.
- It's important to remember that jealousy accompanies love, and enthusiasm for liberty can lead to distrust.
- Governmental vigor is essential for liberty's security.
- Ambition often hides behind claims of defending people's rights, and history shows that demagogues often become tyrants.
- Citizens are urged to guard against influences that distort the truth when making decisions about the Constitution.
- The author is in favor of adopting the new Constitution and will provide reasons for this conviction in a series of papers.
- The author aims to address all relevant objections to adopting the proposed Constitution.
- The utility of the Union, the present Confederation's inadequacy, the necessity of an energetic government, the Constitution's alignment with republican principles, its similarity to the state constitution, and its security for government, liberty, and property will be discussed.
- Some suggest the thirteen states are too large for a single system and should form separate confederacies, implying the need to examine the advantages of a union versus the dangers of its dissolution.
- Americans are asked to contemplate on a question that will prove one if the most important they may consider.
- When instituting government, people must surrender some natural rights to grant powers.
- They must then decide to either be one nation under one federal government, or divide into separate confederacies that hold the same powers as a national government.
- The prosperity of America previously depended on the firm unity between states.
- Politicians now propose division of states into sovereign nations, some of whom previously opposed it
- People should be fully convinced of the matter before deciding to adopt the new political tenets.
- It is important to recognize that independent America is not composed of detached territories, but one connected country.
- The country is blessed with a diversity of soils and streams.
- Navigable waters create a natural border to join the country together, giving highways for communication and exchange of commodities.
- Providence has given the country to a united people - descending from common ancestors and unified language and government fighting through a long war for Independence.
- The country and the people are made for each other and it appears as if it was the design of Providence, that an inheritance so proper and convenient for a band of brethren, united to each other by the strongest ties, should never be split into a number of unsocial, jealous, and alien sovereignties.
- Citizens everywhere enjoy the same rights and protection.
- As a nation they have made peace and war, conquered common enemies, formed alliances, made treaties, and entered into compacts with foreign states.
- The value of unity inspired people to institute a federal government early on.
- In times of chaos, the government was deficient but the people wished to amend it, and convened in Philadelphia to address its flaws.
- Months of consultation caused a plan to be created, without being awed or influenced, with everyone having a love for their country.
- Though the plan is only recommended, it must not receive blind approbation or reprobation - rather with sedate and candid consideration.
- Previous experience should have instilled hope, rather than to be too sanguine.
- In 1774 America formed a Congress, whose wisdom was shown in its outcome, but the press rejected these measures.
- Government officers - influenced by personal interest - pursuaded to reject Congress' advice - those whose interests did not align with society were indefatigable.
- Citizens reasoned diligently, relying on the integrity of Congress, and trusting in their mature deliberation and prudent measures for country's safety.
- Trusting the judgement and advice of the convention, and their knowledge and experience of some distinguished member, will prove vital.
- Every Congress has supported The Union, as did the convention, in their advised plan.
- Doubts have been cast by men to depreciate the importance of the Union and have suggested that distinct confederacies are of more value.
- Doubters have clearly foreseen the rejection of the plan could put the Union in jeopardy, but hopefully every good citizen will have foreseen that.
- Dissolution will cause America to exclaim farewell to all its greatness.
- Americans are intelligent and well-informed and hold that the continuing Union will remain firm as long as the government is vested with sufficient powers for general and national purposes.
- Great respect is held for the high opinion that the people of America have had for their prosperity, and their unification.
- Safety is the first priority of a free people directing attention to safety.
- Safety relates to circumstances and considerations, for which it is important to observe peace and tranquility, dangers from abroad, and from domestic issues.
- Examining whether the people are right about the cordial Union and the efficient national government will prove their best security against foreign hostilities.
- Wars are proportionate to the number and weight of the causes, whether real or fake, which provoke the war.
- A question to ask would be whether united or disunited America will give less just cause for war.
- The most just causes of war are either from violation of treaties or from direct violence.
- America has treaties with six nations, all of which, excluding Prussia, are maritime.
- America has extensive commerce with Portugal, Spain, and Britain.
- It is vital that America observes international law to retain peace.
- This should be done more perfectly by one national government than by separate states.
- Once the government is established, the best men in the country will not only consent to serve, but will typically be appointed to manage.
- Though city influence may influence selection through State assemblies, the national government will require talents and qualifications.
- The widest field for choice will overcome want of proper persons.
- Counsel, decisions, and administration will be wiser, more systematic, and more judicious - yielding more satisfaction to nations, and safety to America.
- Articles of treaties will be interpreted with the same execution, whereas adjudications will always be inconsistent.
- The commitment of judgment to courts appointed by the one national government can not be overstated.
- Present temptation may cause the governing party to betray good faith, but other states and the national government will overcome that.
- Treaty of peace with Britain greatly adds to the reason.
- The governing party may be willing, but unable, to prevent such meditated injustice.
- The national government won't have any influence on wrong decisions, wanting to prevent or punish its commission by others.
- Violations of treaties are less apprehended under one government than under lesser ones.
- Those wars that occur from direct acts of unlawful violence are more securely managed by one national government.
- Wars are typically caused by one state more than the union, which the author argues has never been the first to enact an act of war.
- Individual states, not federal government, have provoked hostilities, causing slaughter of innocent residents.
- Neighboring territories border most states, confining quarrels to the borderers.
- The border states will also be more likely to excite war with other nations - national government thwarts this danger.
- Amicable settings are more attainable under national government.
- Men will be predisposed to settle the matter.
- National government is more candid when considering how to remove themselves from potential difficulties.
- Explanations are more accepted by one nation, than by a state or confederacy of little power.
- In 1685, Louis XIV demanded that the state of Genoa send their magistrate to France to ask his pardon and to receive terms.
- This humiliation would never have been requested or received from a powerful nation.
- America's safety against dangers from foreign force relies not only on the nation's ability not to give just causes of war, but also to avoid inviting hostility or insult.
- Nations will make war when there is a prospect of getting anything out of it.
- Absolute monarchs may make war without the nation's support, and for only personal interests.
- Other motives - aside from monarchy, still affecting Nations - come from Nations circumstances.
- With other nations, America is a rival in fisheries, navigation, trade with China and India, and expanding commerce.
- Nations may become jealous of America's advancing union, power, and consequence.
- America knows war will come from the reasons above, and sees Union and government as necessary to prevent those wars from activating.
- In order of importance, the situation will rely on the government, the arms, and the resources of the country.
- The interest of safety will dictate government, and government is needed - whether single, more, or many.
- One government avails itself of the ablest men, moving uniformly to protect parts and distribute with foresight.
- For treaties, it will regard the entire interest of the parts.
- Resources and power are applied to the defense of any particular part due to unified organization.
- Militia is implemented with a single code of conduct consolidate the corps.
- Britain's militia is divided into distinct units by country.
- For invasions, the single government of Great Britain can respond better than the collective responses of individual governments.
- Britain has fleet celebrated by its navigation.
- If each nation would have their own section, soon all of them would dwindle into comparative insignificance.
- Divided states, or independent governments, could not rise or pay armies.
- If one was attacked, would others assist?
- Would there be a temptation to remain neutral from promises, or for too great a liking for peace?
- Such scenarios would become natural when the history of other countries abounds with examples.
- Even if attacked, how will the supplies be delivered?
- Difficulties would stem from the situation, whereas one single government avoids them.
- Watching over common interests will benefit the population.
- Foreign nations act relative to the situation - well managed and efficiently traded the government can find friendship.
- Alternatively, lacking an effective government is liable to become not only subject to contempt but to outrage from conflicting republics.
- Experience will prove such divisions fail to yield security.
- Queen Anne observed that a full union will construct a solid foundation of lasting peace, secure religion, and increase the peoples strength.
- Calm and unanimous solutions will be useful as the only way to secure happiness.
- Weakness will invite dangers from abroad, and union will secure government inside.
- Great Britain divides into three, and it's divisions cause quarrels and wars.
- Mutual jealousies were inflamed, rendering relations more troublesome.
- If America follows likewise into three nations, the same thing could occur.
- Instead of "joined in affection," partial interests will guide pursuits.
- The nations will always be at war rather than in unity.
- Advocates cannot reasonably assume the equality in strength between them.
- Policy may distinguish one confederacy above the rest, destroying relative equality.
- The same policies could not likely be observed by each of these for years.
- Passionate feelings can cause them to promote whatever would diminish importance.
- Actions would soon become clear, making the other lose confidence in their neighbors.
- By nature, distrust creates even more, speeding change in kind conduct with candid imputations.
- Northern confederacies may gather honey from more blooming fields from the south.
- History will evidence these will only be neighbors in terms of borders, and discord will prevail.
- The proposed confederacies will be unable to produce unity in arms, and protection from hostility.
- With Britain, the divided states never combined to the same extent.
- Proposed confederacies must regulate distinct treaties with distinct markets, creating unique attachment to different nations.
- Countries would likely take opposing sides with conflict between states.
- It is more natural these confederacies will be more scared of each other than of foreign nations.
- Alliances will be made with foreign empires more readily than with other states.
- It's easier to receive armies than to compel them to depart.
- Conquered territories will always make alterations in power, despite protection.
- Judges must determine if division of America would secure against foreign nations.
- Arms, arts, domestic factions, and convulsions exist in disunion.
- Dissensions flow from the state themselves, and from domestic factions and convulsions.
- There should be no doubt that disunited states will have frequent and violent contests.
- Arguments against their existence would forget that ambitious men fight for preeminence and dominion.
- Harmony will falter with independent powers in the same borders, and human event can prove harmony will disregard uniform course of war.
- The love for power and the desire to be the most dominion - jealous of the power and safe equality.
- Commercial nations compete with each other.
- Passions arise in private - attachments, interests, hopes and fears impact leading individuals.
- Pretext of motive sacrifrices tranquility to personal advantage.
- Pericles was corrupted into attacking and destroying Samnians.
- Wolsey entertained hopes of becoming king through exploiting King Henry.
- Influence - stemming for motives such as vanity - impacted a considerable population.
- Listing examples of personal consideration in the production of nation al events is unnecessary.
- If Shays had not been a debtor, Massachusetts may not have entered a war.
- Visionaries still support peace between the states.
- Republics are pacific, but commerce can influence this.
- Politics often fails to follow a benevolent motive, and are often conducted by passions of policy.
- Nations are governed by men who are subject to avarice and irregular passions.
- Commerce only changes the objects of war.
- Sparta, Athens, and Rome were republics, and they were often enslaved in war alongside monarchies.
- The Netherlands often partake in the European Wars.
- The cries of the populace prolonged the conflict, and contradicted the inclinations of the states.
- The wars arose from commercial considerations.
- What reason is there to assume that America will be different?
- Has the expectation from weaknesses shown these theories to be incorrect?
- Is there really a golden age from perfect wisdom?
- Let the descent from national dignity prove that to be incorrect.
- A general axiom has become that vicinity constitutes enemies.
- Nations can create a confederate public, and a constitution that prevents differences.
- Those solutions were proven in previous sections.
- If disunited, what inducements could the States have to make war upon each other?
- The answer to the question will be all the reasons why nations have been in conflict.
- Questions exist with our contemplation, with experience enough for the restraints to be lifted.
- Territorial disputes are an aspect that always causes conflict, making territorial reasons the greatest contribution.
- Contradictory claims are still in discussion, and division would only add to that.
- Land was under the management of the crown lands.
- Claims exist within the United States and claim the rights from the Colonial government from land taken by the King - though conquered in battle.
- To appease controversy, Congress persuaded states to cede to the United States for the total benefit of the confederacy.
- Reviving the dispute would start a divide, with few solutions to any of the problems.
- Grants cannot revoked, and a sharing in land acquired from joint Confederacy remains undiminished.
- Reaching a proper rule causes further troubles.
- The terrain creates a wide theatre for other tensions, in the eyes of the author.
- Disputes on the land are admonished by history, and tensions that arose.
- Articles made the States forced to submit the matter to a federal court.
- Dissatisfaction arose, causing negotiations to compromise.
- Even small claims - by States or neighbors - caused significant issues.
- This shows issues that could arise should the States split.
- Commerce can become a source of contention, as States pursue revenue with distinction, preference, and exclusions.
- Equal exchanges would give a sharper edge to this contention.
- The spirit of enterprise characterizes the trading America, leaving little reason for any limitations.
- The regulations by trade may be broken, if the States endeavor to secure exclusive benefits.
- Acts would start an outrage, resulting in reprisal and even war.
- States in disadvantage willingly render others tributary.
- Duties exist on importations, and the population must absorb those duties - leading to taxation to exclusive consumers.
- New York sits in control of commerce, putting Connecticut and New Jersey in a poor position.
- What would occur is anyone's guess.
- The Union debt creates friction between them, causing the method of distributing progressive revenue causes disputes - perhaps any rule is entirely free.
- Agreement is near impossible.
- Credit may become an indifference - leading to magnification of difficulties.
- Procrastinations would only provoke resentment, and further postpone the settlement and any possible solution.
- Citizens are inclined to magnify what they have, and foreign powers will urge this along.
- If the agreement falls short of the principle, delinquencies in payments would start - or the deficiency of resources becomes manageable.
- These would lead to further issues.
- Peace in the form of loans does not benefit them, as they interfere with the supply of immediate wants.
- Tranquility ceases with no one profiting or agreeing on the terms.
- Money, as a point, men never agree.
- Aggressions violate against the States who are wronged.
- No liberal spirit would take course, and atrocity can break common obligations.
- Retaliation causes more animosity, prompting some to call for an actual war.
- With peace and war, the States enter a situation where they are subject to vicissitudes, resembling governments not united under one cause.
- Detail some circumstances that would come of splitting up.
- War would cause more distress than countries that have regular establishments for years.
- Discipline causes sudden takeovers of land to be impractical.
- Fortification has contributed to such goals.
- Campaigns waste attempts to enter a country.
- Battles cause little to be won, and efforts amount to little.
- Jealousy will cause war to be postponed when possible.
- Wanting fortifications will result in the populous overrunning the lesser.
- Conquest would be easy, and the train of devastation will occur quickly.
- Safety will be a powerful drive of national conduct, yielding to dictates.
- War is violent and alarming, causing nations to restore to repose after long periods of conflict.
- To secure liberty, nations must be less free.
- Standing armies exist through the Constitution.
- Problematic at most.
- Inevitability starts from disunion.
- Weak states must resort to the system of defense.
- Arm will create more of itself.
- Constitutions lean towards monarchy.
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Description
Explore the critical decision of adopting the new Constitution, potential resistance, and complications in making a judicious choice. Understand the author's purpose, views on human nature, and acknowledgment of respectable opposition. Analyze the context of 'the general misfortune of mankind'.
