Computer Problem Solving: Programming Fundamentals

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Questions and Answers

According to the provided content, what is a critical responsibility of the programmer when instructing a computer?

Instructing the computer in a correct and precise manner. (correct)
Regularly updating the computer's hardware components.
Ensuring the computer possesses sufficient processing power.
Providing the computer with emotional support during complex tasks.

Which of the following best describes the initial and most crucial step in computer problem solving, as outlined in the content?

Allocating sufficient memory resources to the program.
Coding the program in a high-level language.
Testing the program with various inputs.
Understanding and defining the problem clearly. (correct)

Why is it essential for a programmer to develop a clear method, comprised of sequential steps, before writing a computer program?

To optimize the program's execution speed by reducing unnecessary computations.
To provide the computer with a logical and understandable set of instructions. (correct)
To ensure the program is compatible with all operating systems.
To minimize the amount of code required, making the program shorter and simpler.

Which of the following steps in computer problem-solving involves identifying the specific inputs, outputs, and constraints of the problem?

Analyzing the problem (A) Signup and view all the answers

Before writing code, what key questions should a programmer answer to ensure they understand the problem, according to the content?

What will the computer program do, and what task will it perform? (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of computer problem-solving focuses on translating the algorithm into a specific programming language?

Coding (A) Signup and view all the answers

After coding and testing, what is the purpose of 'Program Documentation' in the context of computer problem-solving?

To create a user manual and provide information for future modifications. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes 'Program Integration' in the context of computer problem-solving?

The process of combining different modules or components of a program into a unified system. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the preprocessor in C++?

To modify the source code based on preprocessor directives before compilation. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the angle brackets `<>` when used with the `#include` preprocessor directive?

To instruct the preprocessor to search in the standard system directories for the header file. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct way to write a multi-line comment in C++?

/* This is a multi-line comment */ (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the `main()` function in a C++ program?

It is the function that is automatically called when the program starts. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of `return 0;` at the end of the `main()` function?

To return control of the program to the operating system, signaling successful execution. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which preprocessor directive is essential for using `cout` to display output in C++?

<code>#include <iostream.h></code> (C) Signup and view all the answers

What will be the effect of the following code snippet?

// This line prints a message
cout << "Hello"; // to the console

It will print <code>Hello</code> to the console. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What happens if a program is missing the closing brace `}` for the `main()` function?

The compiler will report a syntax error. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the typical size of an `int` data type on a modern system using a contemporary C++ compiler?

4 bytes, though it may vary to 2 bytes on older systems. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a valid identifier in C++?

123myVariable (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using meaningful identifiers (variable names) in a program?

To make the program easier to understand and maintain. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Given the declaration `int quantity, _count;`, which of the following statements is correct?

It declares two variables, <code>quantity</code> and <code>_count</code>, both of type <code>int</code>. (B) Signup and view all the answers

In C++, what distinguishes `myVariable`, `MyVariable`, and `MYVARIABLE`?

They are distinct variables because C++ is case-sensitive. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the order of operations in a C++ assignment statement?

The expression on the right-hand side is evaluated first, then its value is assigned to the variable on the left-hand side. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Consider the assignment statement `result = a + b * c;`. Assuming `a`, `b`, and `c` are integer variables, which operation is performed first according to C++ operator precedence?

The multiplication <code>b * c</code>. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of adhering to the syntax rules of C++?

It guarantees that the compiler will accept and correctly translate the program. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following code snippets demonstrates a valid assignment of a value to a variable in C++?

int myVariable = 15; (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens if you try to use a variable in an expression before it has been initialized?

The program will use an uninitialized value, leading to unpredictable results. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about constants in C++?

Constants are data storage locations whose values cannot be changed after initialization. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a 'literal constant' from a 'symbolic constant' in C++?

A literal constant is a value typed directly into the code, while a symbolic constant is represented by a name. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the `#define` preprocessor directive when defining constants?

It performs a text substitution, replacing every instance of the defined name with its corresponding value before compilation. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Given the following code, what will be the value of result?

#define VALUE 5
int x = 2;
int result = x * VALUE;

10 (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the assignment operator `=` is correct?

It assigns the value on the right-hand side to the variable on the left-hand side. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is initializing variables upon declaration considered a good practice?

It prevents the use of uninitialized variables, avoiding unpredictable behavior. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most modern and type-safe way to define a constant in C++, offering better type checking compared to older methods?

<code>const int CONSTANT_NAME = value;</code> (C) Signup and view all the answers

Consider the following C++ code snippet:

`enum Status { READY, PENDING = 5, RUNNING, COMPLETE };`

What integer value will the `RUNNING` enumerated constant hold?

6 (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about global variables in C++ is most accurate?

Global variables are declared outside any function and are accessible throughout the entire program. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a 'local' scope from a 'global' scope in C++?

Local scope is defined by a statement block (enclosed in braces), while global scope exists outside all other scopes. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Consider the following enumerated type: `enum Animals { CAT = 3, DOG, HORSE = 10, RABBIT };` What value will RABBIT have?

11 (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following demonstrates the correct way to initialize a variable with a character value in C++?

<code>char initial = 'K';</code> (B) Signup and view all the answers

If you have a global variable named `data` and a local variable with the same name `data` within a function, how does C++ resolve which variable to use inside that function?

The local variable <code>data</code> is used because local variables shadow global variables within their scope. (D) Signup and view all the answers

When should you prefer defining constants using `const` over `#define` in C++?

When you want the constant to have a specific data type and want type checking during compilation. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a valid preprocessor directive in Turbo C++ for Windows?

#includ (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of header files in Turbo C++ for Windows?

To provide function prototype declarations for library functions. (A) Signup and view all the answers

In the provided C++ code example, which header file is essential for using the `setw()` function?

<code>iomanip.h</code> (D) Signup and view all the answers

In C++, what will happen if a line starts with `#` inside a string literal?

It will be treated as a part of the string, not as a preprocessor directive. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the given C++ program, what will be the value of `total` if `q1 = 80`, `q2 = 70`, `q3 = 90`, `midterm = 75`, and `final = 85`?

400 (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the `using namespace std;` line in the provided C++ code?

It allows the use of standard library components without the <code>std::</code> prefix. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What will be the output of `cout<<right<<setw(5)<<qtotal;` if `qtotal` is 123?

<code> 123</code> (two spaces followed by 123) (D) Signup and view all the answers

Given the program's goal is to calculate the total score, which of the following lines of code is most crucial for correctly displaying aligned output?

<code>#include <iomanip.h></code> (A) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Role of the user in computing

The user is responsible for instructing the computer correctly and precisely to perform tasks.

Computer's intelligence quotient

A computer's intelligence is zero; it has no thinking power independently.

Problem-solving in programming

Problem-solving involves understanding and defining a problem before coding solutions.

Steps in computer problem solving

The process includes understanding, analyzing, developing algorithms, coding, testing, documentation, and integration.