52 Questions
What is the acronym used to remember the components of the clinical encounter when assessing orthopedic conditions?
OHIPMNRS
When assessing the history of a patient's orthopedic condition, what aspect should be considered in terms of severity?
Scale from 0-10
What aspect should be observed during the inspection phase of assessing orthopedic conditions?
Posture, gait, bony deformity
What are the areas covered in the palpation phase when assessing orthopedic conditions?
Footwear, bony & soft tissues, pain in other areas
What is assessed during the motion phase of evaluating orthopedic conditions?
AROM/PROM/RROM
Which components are covered in the neurovascular screening when evaluating orthopedic conditions?
Deep tendon reflexes and pulses
What is considered during the assessment of referred pain in orthopedic conditions?
Pain in other areas and nerve referral pathways
During the special tests phase of evaluating orthopedic conditions, what should be kept in mind regarding nerve referral pathways?
Tests for specific area of pain/concern
What does AROM stand for in the context of motion assessment for orthopedic conditions?
(Active Range of Motion)
Which of the following is a common symptom of cervical degenerative joint disease?
Neck muscle spasm and torticollis
During the neurological testing for dermatomes, which spinal level is associated with resistance to shoulder elevation?
C4
What is the spinal level associated with resisted action for hip extension and ankle plantar flexion in the lower limbs myotomes?
L5
Which test results in local pain with compression and is positive for cervical radiculopathy?
Spurlings test
What is a characteristic of neurological findings associated with cervical radiculopathy?
Possible muscle splinting and guarded ROM
Which spinal level is associated with reflex testing at the biceps tendon?
C5-C6
What is a common differential diagnosis for cervical degenerative joint disease?
Meniscoid, instability
Which action is associated with the resisted action at the spinal level C8 in the upper limbs myotomes?
Thumb extension
What is a common history reported by patients with cervical radiculopathy?
Deep aching to burning neck pain & radicular arm pain
What is a likely physical finding associated with cervical degenerative joint disease?
Increased pain on extension & rotation
Which ligament weakens or ruptures in rheumatoid arthritis?
Transverse ligament
What is the principle motion of the Atlanto-occipital joints (C0-C1)?
Flexion/extension
What is the main supporting ligament of the Atlanto-axial joints (C1-C2)?
Transverse ligament
Which muscle is involved in torticollis and may show discrepancies in size or tone when damaged?
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
What type of movement does the trapezius muscle perform?
Elevate, retract, and depress shoulders
What muscle originates from the upper cervical TVP's and inserts into the superior angle of the scapulae?
Levator scapulae
What action is performed by the scalene muscles?
Shrug shoulders
What is the range of flexion for the cervical spine?
$45-50$ degrees
What movement can be achieved by bringing the chin to the chest?
$C0-C2$ gives nodding, $C2-C7$ gives flexion
What is the primary observation related to cervical radiculopathy?
Head tilt away from the side of injury and stiff neck
Which physical test is used for cervical radiculopathy that results in DECREASED radicular symptoms?
Cervical Distraction Test
What is the most likely diagnosis when a patient presents with jaw or facial pain, limited jaw opening, and clicking or popping of TMJ?
Myofascial pain dysfunction
Which disorder involves small calcified otolith moving around loose in the inner ear, leading to symptoms such as spinning sensation (vertigo) and nausea/vomiting?
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV)
What type of injury to the neck results from sudden acceleration or deceleration and can lead to symptoms like neck pain, soreness, stiffness, fatigue, and nausea?
Whiplash injury
Which test is used to diagnose Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) by observing nystagmus?
Dix-Hallpike Test
Which type of whiplash involves lateral deformation from right to left?
Lateral (right to left)
What is a common symptom associated with TMJ Syndrome?
Pain with mastication (chewing) and jaw locking/clicking
Which condition is characterized by a problem in the inner ear resulting in symptoms like spinning sensation (vertigo) and nausea?
Labyrinthinitis
What is the purpose of the Valsalva Test in cervical spine assessment?
To assess the integrity of the vertebral artery
What is the primary indication of a positive result in the Chvostek’s Test during cervical spine assessment?
Facial muscle twitching indicating CN 7 injury or low blood calcium
Which test is used to diagnose Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) by observing nystagmus?
Maximal foraminal compression Test
What is the main indication of a positive result in the Shoulder Depression Test during cervical spine assessment?
Increased pain to compressed or stretched side, suggesting specific pathology
What does a positive response in the Brachial Stretch Tests/Upper Limb Tension Tests (ULTT) indicate when assessing cervical spine conditions?
Increased pain radiating to the arm indicating specific pathology
What does the '360 Degrees around the joint' palpation in orthopedic assessment primarily aim to assess?
Tenderness, texture, and temperature
In the context of orthopedic assessment, what is the purpose of the neurovascular screen?
To check for pulses, capillary refill, and temperature
What is the main focus of the special tests phase in orthopedic assessment?
Assessing nerve referral pathways
What do AROM, PROM, and RROM stand for in the context of motion assessment for orthopedic conditions?
Active Range of Movement, Passive Range of Movement, Resisted Range of Movement
During the inspection phase of orthopedic assessment, what should be observed with regard to footwear?
Wear patterns on shoes and use of orthotics or braces
In the ULTT - Median Nerve Dominant test, what is the purpose of abducting the shoulder to 90 degrees while maintaining shoulder depression?
To increase nerve root irritation
In the ULTT - Radial Nerve Dominant test, what is the action performed by the examiner's right hand?
Flexes the patient's hand, wrist, thumb, and fingers
What is the reason behind holding the patient's superior right shoulder against the table in the ULTT - Ulnar Nerve Dominant test?
To prevent elevation of the patient's shoulder
During an OHIPMNRS assessment, what does a positive finding for ULTT - Median Nerve Dominant test indicate?
Irritation or compression of C6 and C7 nerve roots
In the context of J.D's symptoms, which special test from today's practical session would be most relevant to perform?
Spurling's test
Test your knowledge on the serious complications of cord compression and the assessment of range of motion in the cervical spine, muscles, and joints. This quiz covers topics such as limited rotation and lateral flexion, as well as neurological testing including dermatomes, myotomes, and deep tendon reflexes (DTRs).
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