Neurologic Oncological Emergencies: Malignant Spinal Cord Compression (MSCC)
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Questions and Answers

What is defined as malignant spinal cord compression (MSCC)?

  • Compression of the spinal cord as a result of malignant disease (correct)
  • Compression of the spinal cord due to non-cancerous tumors
  • Compression of the spinal cord due to benign disease
  • Compression of the spinal cord as a result of infection

    • What is the typical cause of malignant spinal cord compression (MSCC)?

  • Metastasis from distant organs
  • Extradural tumor compressing the thecal sac (correct)
  • Intramedullary tumor
  • Dural metastases

    • How does associated edema exacerbate malignant spinal cord compression (MSCC)?

  • It causes white matter dehydration
  • It reduces the compression on the spinal cord
  • It has no effect on spinal cord compression
  • It exacerbates the compression on the spinal cord (correct)

    • What percentage of cancer patients does malignant spinal cord compression (MSCC) occur in?

    <p>5-10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some potential consequences of established malignant spinal cord compression (MSCC)?

    <p>Paraplegia and urinary/faecal incontinence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do symptoms of spinal cord compression typically develop?

    <p>Depending on the cause, they can develop quickly or slowly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor contributing to infarction of the spinal cord in malignant spinal cord compression?

    <p>Vascular compromise resulting from compression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of tumor is least likely to cause malignant spinal cord compression?

    <p>Benign tumor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common symptom associated with increased intracranial pressure caused by brain metastasis?

    <p>Improved cognition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most accurate regarding the relationship between age and seizures caused by brain tumors?

    <p>Seizures are more common in patients over 45 years old with brain tumors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common focal neurological symptom associated with brain metastasis?

    <p>Improved sensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following imaging tests is considered the gold standard for diagnosing brain metastasis?

    <p>MRI with contrast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key role of neuro-oncology nurses in the management of patients with brain metastasis?

    <p>Symptom management and appropriate referrals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common manifestation of altered consciousness seen in patients with brain metastasis?

    <p>Increased alertness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common reason for additional imaging tests ordered in the workup of suspected brain metastasis?

    <p>To evaluate the patient's mental status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key focus of nursing care for patients with brain metastasis?

    <p>Providing patient and family education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three critical components of managing patients with metastatic brain tumors?

    <p>Non-chemotherapeutic and chemotherapeutic drugs, surgical techniques, and radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is surgery typically performed for brain metastasis?

    <p>If it is likely to lead to greater relief of symptoms than other treatments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells do chemotherapeutic drugs primarily target in the treatment of brain metastasis?

    <p>Cancer cells that divide rapidly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of radiation treatment when administered following surgical removal of a brain tumor?

    <p>To ensure no residual malignant cells remain in the tumor resection bed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is stereotactic radiosurgery preferred for treating certain brain lesions?

    <p>It can treat lesions that are not easily treated by surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what scenario does surgery or stereotactic radiosurgery play a lesser role in treating intracranial metastatic tumors?

    <p>When there are more than four small tumors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main advantages of stereotactic radiosurgery over traditional surgery for brain metastasis?

    <p>Noninvasiveness and fewer risks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a goal of treatment for brain metastasis?

    <p>To improve functioning and control the cancer within the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom associated with spinal cord compression?

    <p>Loss of sensation in the feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key indicator of a poor overall outcome for patients with metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC)?

    <p>Progressive nature of systemic cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is typically done to diagnose spinal cord compression?

    <p>Imaging tests like CT or MRI scan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended standard of care for patients with possible spinal cord compression?

    <p>Immobilization of the spine and gentle mobilization along with physiotherapists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should nurses focus on as part of the multidisciplinary approach in managing metastatic spinal cord compression?

    <p>Evaluation of functional capacity and home care needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered a common initial presenting symptom for metastatic spinal cord compression?

    <p>Pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of test may show bone growths called spurs that push against spinal nerves?

    <p>X-rays of the spine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for patients and caregivers to report symptoms promptly?

    <p>To prevent further complications from delayed treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a crucial aspect of emotional support provided by nurses for patients and carers?

    <p>Suggesting alternative therapies not supported by medical evidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate goal for patients with metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC)?

    <p>Discharge home and community palliative care referral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the NOMS framework used for in the treatment of metastatic spinal cord compression?

    <p>Helping clinicians direct treatment based on neurologic, oncologic, mechanical, and systemic factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a potential treatment option for spinal cord compression in the text?

    <p>Antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common type of brain tumor?

    <p>Brain metastases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cancers is NOT mentioned in the text as being likely to metastasize to the brain?

    <p>Ovarian cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standard of care for small-cell lung cancer patients to prevent brain metastases?

    <p>Prophylactic cranial irradiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding the distribution of brain metastases, according to the text?

    <p>Different cancer subtypes tend to have different distributions within the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

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