Common Heart Defects: Atrial Septal Defects and Ductus Arteriosus Closure
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Questions and Answers

What is the most common type of atrial septal defect (ASD)?

  • Closure of Ductus Arteriosus
  • Ostium secundum defects (correct)
  • Ventricular septal defect
  • Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)

    • What happens during anatomical closure of the ductus arteriosus postnatally?

  • A 'machine-like' murmur is heard
  • Blood flows from right to left
  • Bradykinin is released
  • Smooth muscle contracts (correct)

    • What is the main cause of atrial septal defects (ASDs) involving the failure of fusion between septum primum and secondum?

  • Excessive resorption of septum primum (correct)
  • Closure of Ductus Arteriosus
  • Closure of ductus arteriosus
  • Underdevelopment of septum secundum

    • Which part of the interventricular septum is formed by the medial walls of expanding ventricles?

    <p>Muscular part</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes a 'machine-like' murmur in a patient with pulmonary hypertension?

    <p>Systolic and diastolic components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of closure occurs prenatally in the ductus arteriosus?

    <p>Physiological closure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What closes the interventricular foramen superiorly in the interventricular septum?

    <p>Muscular walls of ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the ductus arteriosus in foetal circulation?

    <p>Allow blood to bypass the foetal lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure grows from the roof of the atrium into the lumen and forms ostium primum?

    <p>Sickel shaped septum primum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the ostium primum fails to close properly above the atrioventricular valves?

    <p>Ejection systolic murmur is heard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the risk associated with an ostium primum defect just above the atrioventricular valves?

    <p>Right-to-left shunting of blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During post-natal circulation, what happens to the pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and arterial pressures?

    <p>PVR decreases and arterial pressures decrease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of acyanotic heart diseases?

    <p>Asymptomatic presentation in most cases</p> Signup and view all the answers

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