Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which associated syndrome is linked to Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)?
Which associated syndrome is linked to Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)?
What is a common auscultation finding in patients with Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)?
What is a common auscultation finding in patients with Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)?
What is typically observed in the chest X-ray findings of a patient with ASD?
What is typically observed in the chest X-ray findings of a patient with ASD?
Which symptom is most likely associated with large defects of Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)?
Which symptom is most likely associated with large defects of Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)?
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What is the typical finding on an echocardiogram for a patient with VSD?
What is the typical finding on an echocardiogram for a patient with VSD?
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In patients with ASD, which of the following respiratory issues might they experience?
In patients with ASD, which of the following respiratory issues might they experience?
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What auscultation finding would suggest an Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)?
What auscultation finding would suggest an Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)?
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Which symptom is more common in patients with large Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) compared to small defects?
Which symptom is more common in patients with large Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) compared to small defects?
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Study Notes
Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)
- Associated Syndromes: Holt-Oram syndrome, Fetal alcohol syndrome, Trisomy 21
- Presentation (Small Defects): Asymptomatic
- Presentation (Large Defects): Easy fatigability, frequent respiratory infections, failure to thrive (FTT)
- Auscultation Findings: Wide and fixed split S2, systolic ejection murmur at the upper left sternal border (increased flow across pulmonary valve), mid-diastolic rumble at left lower sternal border
- CXR Findings: Cardiomegaly
- ECG findings: Right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH)
- Echocardiogram findings: Right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH), Right atrial enlargement, PR prolongation is common
Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
- Associated Syndromes: Apert syndrome, Down syndrome, Fetal alcohol syndrome, TORCHES infections, Cri du chat syndrome, Trisomies (13, 18, and 21)
- Presentation (Small Defects): Asymptomatic
- Presentation (Large Defects): Recurrent respiratory infections, dyspnea, failure to thrive (FTT), congestive heart failure (CHF)
- Auscultation Findings: Harsh holosystolic murmur at lower left sternal border (louder for small defects), narrow S2 with increased P2 (large defect), mid-diastolic apical rumble (increased flow across mitral valve)
- CXR Findings: Cardiomegaly
- ECG Findings: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), RVH may also be found with large defects
- Echocardiogram Findings: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH)
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Description
This quiz covers the critical aspects of Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) and Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD), including their associated syndromes, clinical presentations, auscultation, and diagnostic findings. Test your knowledge on the characteristics and implications of these congenital heart defects.
