COM Movement and Muscle Activity in Gait Cycle

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What is the direction of the ground reaction force (GRF) at the hip joint during the terminal stance phase?

Medial

Posterior (correct)

Which muscles contract concentrically to augment the force generated through momentum during the initial stance phase?

Hip extensors (correct)

Hip flexors

Hip abductors

Knee flexors

What is the movement of the ankle joint during the initial stance phase?

From dorsiflexion to plantarflexion (correct)

Plantarflexion

Dorsiflexion

From plantarflexion to dorsiflexion

What is the purpose of the isometric contraction of the hip abductors during the initial stance phase?

To prevent pelvic drop Signup and view all the answers

What occurs in the propulsion structures during the terminal stance phase?

Generation of passive tension Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the pre-swing phase of gait?

Rapid unloading of weight and forward progression of the body Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the chosen muscle in the gait phase?

Facilitates knee extension Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the vertical ground reaction force is distributed on each leg during normal gait?

50% Signup and view all the answers

During the sit-to-stand phase, what is the primary role of the chosen muscle?

Prevents excessive knee flexion Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of the ground reaction force relative to the ankle joint in the initial contact phase?

Posterior to the ankle joint Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the ground reaction force in normal gait and sit-to-stand?

To provide an equal and opposite reaction to the body Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the body's weight is the vertical Ground Reaction Force (GRF) during normal gait?

50% Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of the GRF during the sit-to-stand movement before seat off?

Anterior-posterior Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the inability of a multi-joint muscle to lengthen to a degree that allows full range of motion over the joints simultaneously?

Passive insufficiency Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle role is responsible for the forward swing movement of the limb during gait?

Hip flexion Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between walking speed and energy conservation?

Individuals adopt a walking speed that conserves the most energy Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the external forces that act on the body during movement?

External forces Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of warm up on stretching?

Increase tissue extensibility by decreasing viscosity of ground substance Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of tissues that explains their ability to exhibit both elastic and viscous behavior?

Viscoelasticity Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of communicating with the model during stretching application?

To provide instructions on the stretching technique Signup and view all the answers

What is the risk associated with the use of heat during warm-up?

Burn risk Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of superficial warm-up techniques such as hot packs and massage?

Increase HR and perfusion of connective tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is the modification made to the normal starting position during STS to compensate for tight rectus femoris?

Leg is more extended on the injured side Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for holding a stretch during exercise?

To allow the tissues to relax and elongate Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when tissues are subjected to a constant load over time?

Gradual deformation, also known as creep Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the decrease in stress within a tissue when it is held at a constant length over time?

Stress relaxation Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of consistent stretching on the tissues?

Structural changes and increased flexibility Signup and view all the answers

Why is rapid stretching not recommended during exercise?

It can trigger the stretch reflex, causing muscle contraction Signup and view all the answers