10 Questions
What is the primary focus of Collins and Quillian's semantic network approach?
Concept organization and representation
In the context of semantic networks, what is a node typically representative of?
A concept or category
According to Collins and Quillian's approach, how are concepts organized in the mind?
In a network of interconnected nodes, with each concept connected to related concepts
What is a key feature of Collins and Quillian's semantic network approach?
It suggests that concepts are organized in a hierarchical network with multiple layers
What is the significance of Collins and Quillian's semantic network approach in cognitive psychology?
It offers insights into how concepts are organized and represented in the mind
What is the main difference between top-down and bottom-up processing?
One is driven by expectations and the other by sensory input
What is the main contribution of Oliva and Torralba's experiment to the field of cognitive psychology?
The demonstration of the role of context in visual perception
What is a key feature of bottom-up processing in visual perception?
It is driven by the analysis of individual features of the stimulus
What is the main implication of the difference between top-down and bottom-up processing for our understanding of cognition?
That cognition is an interactive process involving both bottom-up and top-down processing
What is the role of expectations in top-down processing?
To enhance the processing of expected stimuli
Study Notes
Top-Down vs Bottom-Up Processing
- Top-down processing: a cognitive processing approach that starts with high-level semantic representations and works its way down to the specific details, using prior knowledge and expectations to guide perception.
- Bottom-up processing: a cognitive processing approach that starts with the raw sensory information and builds up to more abstract representations, relying on the sensory inputs to drive perception.
Supporting Experiments
- Palmer's experiment: demonstrated that top-down processing can influence early visual processing, showing that the same stimulus can be perceived differently depending on the context and expectations.
- Oliva and Torralba's experiment: found that top-down processing can affect the way the brain represents visual scenes, with the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex playing a crucial role in this process.
Collins and Quillian's Semantic Network Approach
- Semantic network: a cognitive framework that represents concepts as nodes in a network, with connections between nodes indicating relationships between concepts.
- Collins and Quillian's model: proposes that concepts are organized in a hierarchical network, with more general concepts at the top and more specific concepts at the bottom.
- Inheritance of properties: a key aspect of the model, where more specific concepts inherit properties from more general concepts.
- Spreading activation: a process by which activation of one concept can spread to related concepts in the network, facilitating retrieval and inference.
Test your understanding of Collins and Quillian's semantic network approach to concept organization, including the primary focus, node representation, concept organization, and key features of this approach in cognitive psychology. Learn how this approach contributes to our understanding of the mind.
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