Questions and Answers
What is another name for Riboflavin deficiency?
What is the function of NAD and NADP in the body?
What is the primary function of Vitamin B5 or Pantothenic acid?
What are the signs and symptoms of Vitamin B2 deficiency?
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What is the main cause of Riboflavin deficiency?
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What is the function of Niacin in the body?
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What is the condition caused by a Vitamin B3 deficiency?
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Which of the following vitamins is synthesized in the body from the essential amino acid Tryptophan?
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What is the primary function of Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) in the body?
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Which of the following vitamins is NOT directly involved in energy releasing processes?
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What is the name of the condition that results from a deficiency of Vitamin B1?
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Which of the following is NOT a function of Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)?
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Which of the following vitamins is a coenzyme in oxidation/reduction reactions?
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Which two Vitamin B complex members are directly involved in hematobiotic processes, meaning they are essential for the production of red blood cells?
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Which of the following is NOT a symptom of Vitamin B1 deficiency?
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What is the main function of the two biologically active forms of Vitamin B2, FMN and FAD?
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What is a common consequence of severe vitamin B6 deficiency?
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Which of the following functions is primarily associated with vitamin B12?
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A deficiency in folic acid can lead to which of the following conditions?
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Which vitamin is noted for its role in the synthesis of collagen?
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What condition is associated with vitamin B12 deficiency?
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What is the primary function of folic acid during pregnancy?
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Which symptom might indicate a vitamin C deficiency?
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What is a key role of pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) in the body?
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Study Notes
Water Soluble Vitamins
Vitamin B Complex
- Composed of: Thiamine (B1), Riboflavin (B2), Niacin (B3), Pantothenic acid (B5), Pyridoxine (B6), Biotin (B7), Folic acid (B9), and Cobalamine (B12)
- All Vitamin B complexes are coenzymes
Energy Releasing Vitamins
- Thiamine (B1)
- Riboflavin (B2)
- Niacin (B3)
- Biotin (B7)
- Pantothenic acid (B5)
Hematobiotic Vitamins
- Folic acid (B9)
- Cobalamine (B12)
Others
- Pyridoxine (B6)
Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
- Key role in carbohydrate metabolism
- Acts as a coenzyme
- Helps convert carbohydrates, fats, and protein into energy
- Plays a role in the nervous system and good brain function
- Deficiency leads to Beriberi, which can affect the cardiovascular system or central nervous system
- Deficiency symptoms: mental problems, weak muscles, and cardiovascular symptoms
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
- Plays a vital role in maintaining the body's energy supply
- Helps break down proteins, fats, and carbohydrates
- Contributes to the production of ATP
- Biologically active forms: Flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)
- Functions:
- Converting tryptophan into niacin
- Keeping eyes, nerves, muscles, skin, and liver healthy
- Absorbing and activating iron, folic acid, and vitamins B1, B3, and B6
- Hormone production by the adrenal glands
- Deficiency: Ariboflavinosis, characterized by:
- Angular cheilitis
- Inflammation of the lining of the mouth and tongue
- Mouth ulcers
- Sore throat
- Iron-deficiency anemia
Vitamin B3 (Niacin)
- Forms: Nicotinic acid and nicotinamide
- Can be synthesized in the body from tryptophan
- Functions:
- Precursor for coenzymes NAD and NADP in oxidation-reduction reactions
- Converts nutrients into energy, creates cholesterol and fats, and exerts antioxidant effects
- Deficiency: Pellagra, characterized by:
- Dark, scaly rash on skin exposed to sunlight
- Bright redness of the tongue
- Constipation/diarrhea
Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid)
- Part of Coenzyme A, essential for energy metabolism
- Helps produce ATP from carbohydrate, protein, and fat breakdown
- Functions:
- Helps produce antibody
- Helps in the production of cortisol
- Formation of Acetylcholine and epinephrine
- Deficiency: Rare, but can cause numbness and burning of hands and feet, headache, extreme tiredness, and gastrointestinal symptoms
Vitamin B6
- Acts as a precursor for coenzyme pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)
- Important in amino acid and glycogen metabolism
- Supports immune function and brain health
- Used as an anti-emetic drug
- Deficiency: Impaired immune function and neurological symptoms
Vitamin B9 (Folic acid)
- Essential for one-carbon metabolism and biosynthesis of several compounds
- Need increases during pregnancy and cell multiplication
- Function: Essential for the production of DNA and RNA
- Deficiency: Megaloblastic anemia and neural tube defects
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)
- Important for maintaining healthy nerve cells
- Helps in the production of DNA and RNA
- Works closely with vitamin B9 to help make red blood cells and iron function
- Deficiency: Pernicious anemia and neurological problems
Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid)
- Active form: Ascorbic acid
- Humans cannot synthesize vitamin C and must obtain it from an external supply
- Function:
- Synthesis of collagen, the principal tissue protein
- Acts as an antioxidant
- Deficiency: Scurvy, characterized by skin changes, bleeding gums, tooth loss, fragile blood capillaries, and bone fracture
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Description
This quiz covers water soluble vitamins, including Vitamin B complex and Vitamin C. Topics include energy releasing and hematobiotic functions of different vitamins.
