Baldwin Review peds exam 1
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Questions and Answers

At what age do infants typically develop object permanence?

  • 12 months
  • 3-4 months
  • 6-7 months
  • 9-10 months (correct)

Which stage of Erikson's psychosocial development applies to toddlers?

  • Autonomy vs Shame (correct)
  • Industry vs Inferiority
  • Trust vs Mistrust
  • Initiative vs Guilt

What is the primary form of play typical for toddlers?

  • Parallel play (correct)
  • Cooperative play
  • Dramatic play
  • Solitary play

Which of the following immunizations is recommended for children at 12 months of age or older?

<p>MMR or Varicella (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which stage do children typically think logically but not abstractly, according to Piaget?

<p>Concrete operational stage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What developmental issue is characterized by hand flapping and a strong preference for routine?

<p>Autism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which test is used to assess Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH)?

<p>Barlow's test (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age are children generally recommended to start receiving the HPV vaccine?

<p>11 years (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding lead poisoning in children?

<p>Calcium may help reduce its effects. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinguishing feature of children in the formal operational stage of Piaget's theory?

<p>Ability to think abstractly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary psychosocial challenge faced by adolescents according to Erikson's theory?

<p>Role Confusion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At which age do toddlers typically begin to construct 2-word sentences?

<p>2 years (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following behaviors is most commonly associated with autism?

<p>Echolalia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What developmental milestone is typically achieved by infants at around 7-8 months of age?

<p>Raking grasp (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which eating practice is recommended for infants under 12 months regarding solid foods?

<p>Wait 1-2 days before introducing a new food (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of play is most representative of preschool-aged children?

<p>Parallel play (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What cognitive stage involves children thinking symbolically but not yet logically, according to Piaget?

<p>Preoperational (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theory emphasizes the importance of small achievable goals during the school-age years?

<p>Erikson's psychosocial development (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding ADHD is correct?

<p>ADHD can be treated with stimulants despite potential side effects. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What observation is typically noted in a child with Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH)?

<p>Unequal skin folds on thighs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What developmental milestone typically occurs at around 18 months of age in children?

<p>Walking on any surface (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the cognitive abilities of preschool-aged children according to Piaget?

<p>They engage in parallel play without interacting. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common effect of lead poisoning in children?

<p>Severe cognitive delay (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What psychosocial stage of development applies to school-age children according to Erikson?

<p>Industry vs. Inferiority (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What parental guideline is recommended for introducing solid foods to infants?

<p>Provide one food at a time every 3-5 days. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key characteristic of the formal operational stage in Piaget's theory?

<p>Logical and abstract thinking (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major risk factor associated with ADHD in children?

<p>Agitation and restlessness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of play is characterized by children playing in proximity but not engaging with each other?

<p>Parallel play (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What behavior is commonly observed in adolescents due to the challenge of role confusion?

<p>Exploration of different identities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of autism that can affect behavior?

<p>Need for routine and predictability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Infant Development (0-12 months)

Focuses on physical, cognitive, and social-emotional milestones in infants from birth to one year.

Toddler Development (1-3 years)

Characterized by rapid language development, increased independence, and the development of autonomy.

Preschool Development (3-5 years)

Focuses on social-emotional development, fine motor skills, and an expanding understanding of the world.

School-Age Development (6-12 years)

Characterized by developing academic skills, physical growth, and the importance of social comparisons to peers.

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Adolescent Development (12-18 years)

Focuses on physical changes, identity formation, abstract thinking, and relationship development.

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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

A neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by repetitive behaviors, communication challenges, and sensory sensitivities.

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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

A neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties with attention span, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.

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Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH)

A condition where the hip joint does not develop properly.

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Clubfoot

A birth defect where the foot is twisted inward.

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Lead Poisoning

Exposure to lead can seriously impair cognitive and behavioral development.

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Infant Object Permanence

Understanding that objects still exist even when out of sight, typically develops around 9-10 months.

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Infant Erikson Trust vs Mistrust

Infants learn to trust their caregivers, if their needs are met well, impacting future relationships and sense of security.

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Toddler Parallel Play

Toddlers play near each other but not with each other.

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Toddler Autonomy vs Shame

Toddlers develop independence and the ability to make choices, or experience shame when they are not given choices.

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Preschool Fine Motor Skills

Preschoolers show improved fine motor control, enabling more complex and legible writing.

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School-Aged Erikson Industry vs Inferiority

School-age children learn to feel competent and successful through completing tasks.

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Adolescent Gender Dysphoria

A feeling of discomfort or distress when one's assigned gender at birth doesn't match their internal identity.

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DDH unequal leg length

A difference in the length of the legs usually due to hip dislocation, a birth defect, can cause issues when walking.

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Night Terrors vs Nightmares

Night terrors are frightening episodes that happen during deep sleep and nightmares are frightening dreams that occur during REM.

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Autism Echolalia

Repeating words or phrases heard in conversation, a common trait seen in some autistic individuals, not always a feature.

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Infant Object Permanence

Understanding that objects continue to exist even when out of sight, typically develops around 9-10 months.

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Infant Erikson Trust vs. Mistrust

Infants learn to trust their caregivers. Healthy development depends on meeting needs & building security.

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Toddler Parallel Play

Toddlers play near each other, but not directly with each other.

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Toddler Autonomy vs. Shame

Toddlers develop independence and choice-making, or feel shame if limited.

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Preschool Fine Motor Skills

Improved fine motor control allows more complex and legible writing.

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School-Aged Erikson Industry vs. Inferiority

School-age children want to feel competent & successful. Feeling productive matters in skill development.

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Adolescent Gender Dysphoria

Discomfort/distress when assigned gender doesn't match internal identity.

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DDH Unequal Leg Length

Different leg lengths often due to hip dislocation; birth defect, may cause walking issues.

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Night Terrors vs Nightmares

Night terrors are frightening episodes during deep sleep; nightmares are scary dreams during REM sleep.

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Autism Echolalia

Repeating words or phrases heard in conversation, a common autistic trait.

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