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Questions and Answers
What are the starting substances in a chemical reaction called?
In a chemical reaction, atoms can be created or destroyed.
False
What happens to the total mass of substances during a chemical reaction?
The total mass remains the same.
Sodium chloride is formed when an atom of sodium bonds with an atom of _______.
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Match the following substances with their properties:
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What does the law of conservation of mass state?
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Adding salt to water increases the total mass of the system.
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Explain what happens to the mass when a spoonful of salt is added to a glass of water.
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Which of the following statements accurately describes matter?
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A physical property can be observed without changing the identity of the substance.
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What is density?
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Malleability refers to the ability of a substance to be ________.
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Match the physical property with its description:
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Which of the following is NOT a physical property?
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Conductivity is a measure of a substance's ability to dissolve in a solvent.
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What happens to the identity of matter during a physical change?
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Which statement best describes a physical change?
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Is sugar's solubility in water an example of a chemical change?
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What is the boiling point of isopropanol?
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A physical property that can help identify water is its boiling point of _____ °C.
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Match the substances with their corresponding physical properties:
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Which physical property is common between water and isopropanol?
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Density is a physical property that can help determine the identity of a liquid.
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List one characteristic that is not a physical property of matter.
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Which of the following is NOT a state of matter?
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The chemical composition of a substance changes during a change of state.
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What is the term for the process of a substance changing from one state to another?
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When ice melts, it changes from a ______ to a liquid.
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Match the states of matter to their characteristics:
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Which physical property changes when a substance transitions from solid to liquid?
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Water vapor is a solid state of water.
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What state of matter is characterized by having both a definite volume and a definite shape?
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What is the primary state of matter found in the sun?
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A chemical property can be determined merely by observing a substance.
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In which year was the Bose-Einstein condensate identified by scientists?
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A Bose-Einstein condensate is formed from particles that are just above _______ zero.
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What occurs to the particles in a Bose-Einstein condensate compared to other states of matter?
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Lightning is an example of a solid state of matter.
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What is the change in particle arrangement during a chemical change?
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Match the states of matter with their examples:
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Study Notes
Reactants and Products
- Reactants are starting substances in a chemical reaction.
- Products are the new substances formed in a chemical reaction.
- During a chemical reaction, reactant particles are rearranged to form product particles.
- No atoms are lost or added during a chemical reaction, only rearranged.
Law of Conservation of Matter
- The Law of Conservation of Matter states that matter cannot be created or destroyed.
- In a chemical reaction, the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products.
Physical Properties
- Physical properties can be measured or observed without changing the identity of the substance.
- Examples of physical properties include density, melting point, boiling point, conductivity, malleability, and solubility.
Physical Changes
- Physical changes alter the form of a substance but not its chemical composition.
- Examples of physical changes include changes of state (solid, liquid, gas, plasma).
States of Matter
- Matter exists in four common states: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma.
- A change of state involves altering the physical properties of a substance, but not its chemical composition.
- Plasma is a state of matter found in stars and lightning, but not commonly encountered on Earth.
Chemical Properties
- Chemical properties describe how a substance reacts with other substances.
- Chemical properties cannot be observed simply by looking at a substance; a change (or lack of change) must be observed during or after a chemical reaction.
Chemical Changes
- Chemical changes involve altering the chemical composition of a substance.
- Chemical changes result in the formation of new substances with different properties than the reactants.
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Description
Explore the fundamental concepts of reactants and products in chemical reactions. Understand the Law of Conservation of Matter and learn about physical properties and changes of substances. Test your knowledge of states of matter and how they interact during chemical processes.
