Chemistry Basics: Atoms and Elements

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What are the three types of smaller sub-atomic particles that atoms are made of?

Protons, neutrons, and electrons

What is the charge of a proton?

+1

What is the mass of a neutron?

1 (tiny)

What is the difference between elements and compounds?

Elements contain only one type of atom, while compounds have 2 or more elements chemically bonded together. Signup and view all the answers

What did Mendeleev change in the early periodic table to make elements fit in groups with similar properties?

Mendeleev changed the order of elements and created gaps to fit atoms in the groups he wanted. Signup and view all the answers

What is the atomic number of an atom?

The number of protons in an atom Signup and view all the answers

What are the general physical properties of metals?

Hard, shiny, malleable, good conductors of heat, good conductors of electricity, ductile, and strong. Signup and view all the answers

What are transition metals used for?

Transition metals are used as catalysts in different reactions. Signup and view all the answers

How can you test a gas to see if it is oxygen?

You can put a glowing splint in the gas. Oxygen will relight a glowing splint. Signup and view all the answers

What do metal oxides form when dissolved in water?

Metal oxides form alkali solutions when dissolved in water. Signup and view all the answers

What are the elements in Group 1 called?

Group 1 elements are called the alkali metals. Signup and view all the answers

What are the elements in Group 7 called?

Group 7 elements are called the halogens. Signup and view all the answers

What is the total charge of an atom with 6 protons, 7 neutrons, and 6 electrons?

+1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the mass number of an atom with 8 protons and 9 neutrons?

17 Signup and view all the answers

What do we call the rows across the periodic table?

Periods Signup and view all the answers

How are the elements arranged on the modern periodic table?

In decreasing atomic number Signup and view all the answers

What is the charge of a neutron?

0 Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes the nucleus of an atom?

Protons and neutrons Signup and view all the answers

Which group of elements are known for being unreactive?

Group 0 (noble or inert gases) Signup and view all the answers

What do non-metal oxides form when dissolved in water?

Acidic solutions Signup and view all the answers

Which group of elements are used as catalysts in different reactions?

Transition metals Signup and view all the answers

What is the general property of metal oxides when dissolved in water?

Alkaline solutions Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a glowing splint is put into a gas that is oxygen?

The gas ignites Signup and view all the answers

Which group of elements react violently with water to form an alkaline solution of the metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas?

Group 1 (alkali metals) Signup and view all the answers