Chemical Level of Organization Quiz
39 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which element is typically found in most biomolecules?

  • Oxygen (correct)
  • Phosphorus
  • Hydrogen
  • Iron

    • Which of the following is NOT a monomer of carbohydrates?

  • Amino acids (correct)
  • Galactose
  • Fructose
  • Glucose

    • What is the primary storage form of glucose in animals?

  • Starch
  • Glycogen (correct)
  • Chitin
  • Cellulose

    • What is the molecular ratio of hydrogen to oxygen in carbohydrates?

    <p>2:1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is a disaccharide?

    <p>Sucrose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of energy is associated with the movement of charged particles?

    <p>Electrical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of enzymes in chemical reactions?

    <p>They speed up the reaction and lower energy costs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when all enzymes become busy during a reaction?

    <p>Saturation occurs and more enzymes are needed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which form of energy involves stored energy based on position?

    <p>Potential energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred about the conversion of energy during reactions?

    <p>Some energy is always lost as heat during conversion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to an enzyme when an inhibitor is added?

    <p>The inhibitor changes the enzyme's active site, preventing function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of water that contributes to its high specific heat?

    <p>Hydrogen bonds holding water molecules close together.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is water considered a good lubricant?

    <p>It reduces friction between molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does water's unique property of solubility affect its role as a solvent?

    <p>It allows for the creation of uniform mixtures with solutes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when water evaporates from the body?

    <p>It decreases the body's heat due to the loss of energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond is formed when two oxygen atoms come together?

    <p>nonpolar covalent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the reaction between Na and Cl, which statement correctly describes the electron transfer?

    <p>Na will give up one electron; Cl will accept one electron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is characteristic of organic compounds?

    <p>They typically contain carbon and hydrogen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do chemical reactions occur?

    <p>By forming new bonds or breaking existing ones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of chemical reaction involves the formation of a single product from multiple reactants?

    <p>Combination reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor does NOT influence the rate of chemical reactions?

    <p>Volume of reactants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of reaction are molecules broken down into smaller molecules?

    <p>Decomposition reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do enzymes play in chemical reactions?

    <p>They increase the rate of reactions without changing themselves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is formed when two or more atoms are held together by a bond?

    <p>Molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes cations?

    <p>They result from atoms losing one or more electrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond is characterized by the sharing of electrons between atoms?

    <p>Covalent bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what type of covalent bond are electrons shared unequally between atoms?

    <p>Polar covalent bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do hydrogen bonds primarily differ from ionic bonds?

    <p>Hydrogen bonds are weaker individually than ionic bonds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When sodium chloride (NaCl) is placed in water, _____.

    <p>Na+ and Cl- dissociate into separate ions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of molecule is water due to its polar bonds?

    <p>Polar molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about ionic compounds is true?

    <p>They form due to the attraction of oppositely charged ions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect differentiates isotopes from one another?

    <p>They have different atomic masses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following subatomic particles has no charge?

    <p>Neutrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many electrons can the first electron shell hold?

    <p>2 electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition must be met for an atom to be considered chemically stable?

    <p>The valence shell must contain 8 electrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the atomic mass of an atom calculated from?

    <p>Number of protons and neutrons combined.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do electrons play in the chemical reactivity of an atom?

    <p>They help form bonds to achieve a full valence shell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a major element found in the human body?

    <p>Calcium (Ca)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to atoms when they do not have a full valence shell?

    <p>They form bonds to become more stable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Chemical Level of Organization

    • Atoms, molecules, elements, and compounds are key components of the chemical level of organization
    • Atoms are the fundamental building blocks of matter, composed of protons (+ charge), neutrons (0 charge), and electrons (- charge)
    • Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus, while electrons orbit the nucleus in electron shells
    • Atoms have a neutral charge (number of protons = number of electrons)
    • The number of electrons in the outermost shell (valence shell) determines an atom’s chemical stability
    • Atoms are reactive if their outermost shell is not full
    • Atoms gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a complete valence shell (octet rule)
    • Atoms that gain or lose electrons convert to ions (cations for positive, and anions for negative ions)
    • Chemical bonds (ionic, covalent, hydrogen) form between atoms to create molecules and compounds
    • Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons between atoms
    • Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms (Polar covalent and Nonpolar covalent)
    • Hydrogen bonds form between molecules, not atoms
    • Water is a vital substance due to its properties of high specific heat, thermal inertia and solubility
      • Water is polar, an excellent solvent, and critical for many biological processes.
    • Several terms define mixtures in water (solution, solute, solvent, colloid, suspension)
    • Water's unique properties profoundly impact biological systems
    • pH, acids, and bases describe the level of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution
    • Buffers help control pH fluctuations in biological systems
    • Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in cells by lowering the activation energy
    • Proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids are crucial biological macromolecules essential to life's processes.
    • These macromolecules have specific building blocks (monomers) and can form larger structures (polymers) to perform various functions in the body

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Chapter 2 The Chemical Level of Organization - PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the chemical level of organization, focusing on atoms, molecules, elements, and compounds. This quiz covers the structure of atoms, types of chemical bonds, and the role of valence electrons in chemical stability. Challenge yourself with questions about the fundamental concepts of chemistry!

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser