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What is the process in which water molecules enter an animal cell across a selectively permeable cell membrane?
What is the process in which water molecules enter an animal cell across a selectively permeable cell membrane?
When a plant cell is in a hypertonic solution, it will become turgid.
When a plant cell is in a hypertonic solution, it will become turgid.
False
What happens to a cell when it undergoes lysis?
What happens to a cell when it undergoes lysis?
It bursts and releases its contents.
Active transport requires energy released from the process of respiration in living cells to move particles against a concentration ________.
Active transport requires energy released from the process of respiration in living cells to move particles against a concentration ________.
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Match the following with their outcomes in plant cells in different types of solutions:
Match the following with their outcomes in plant cells in different types of solutions:
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Define diffusion.
Define diffusion.
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Explain osmosis.
Explain osmosis.
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Which statement is true about diffusion?
Which statement is true about diffusion?
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Diffusion always involves a gain or loss of energy.
Diffusion always involves a gain or loss of energy.
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Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential, down a water potential gradient, through a selectively permeable ______________.
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential, down a water potential gradient, through a selectively permeable ______________.
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Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
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Study Notes
Diffusion, Osmosis, and Active Transport
Diffusion
- Diffusion is the net movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration, down a concentration gradient.
- Particles move down a concentration gradient until the concentration is uniform throughout.
- Diffusion occurs spontaneously and does not involve any energy taken in or given out.
- The rate of diffusion depends on:
- Concentration gradient: The greater the difference in concentration, the higher the rate of diffusion.
- Distance: The shorter the distance, the higher the rate of diffusion.
- Area: The larger the surface area, the higher the rate of diffusion.
- Size and nature of the diffusing molecule: Small molecules diffuse faster than large ones.
Osmosis
- Osmosis is a special case of diffusion, where water molecules move from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential through a selectively permeable membrane.
- A selectively permeable membrane allows certain molecules to pass through, but not others.
- Osmosis is important for living organisms, as water enters and leaves cells through their cell membranes.
- Effects of osmosis:
- Plant cells: Water enters the cell, causing it to swell and become turgid.
- Animal cells: Water enters the cell, causing it to swell and eventually burst.
Active Transport
- Active transport is the process of moving particles against a concentration gradient, from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration.
- Energy is required for active transport, which is released from the process of respiration in living cells.
- Active transport is carried out by a series of carrier proteins within the cell membrane.
- Examples of active transport:
- Root hair cells in plant roots absorbing nitrate ions from the soil.
- Cells in the small intestine absorbing glucose and amino acids from the lumen.
Differences between Diffusion and Active Transport
- Diffusion: Transports dissolved substances from higher to lower concentration, requires no additional energy input.
- Active Transport: Transports dissolved substances from lower to higher concentration, requires energy from respiration in living cells.
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Description
This quiz covers the concepts of diffusion, osmosis, and active transport in cellular biology. Test your knowledge on the movement of particles across cell membranes.
