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Questions and Answers
Which process involves the movement of water from a dilute solution to a more concentrated one?
What type of diffusion requires carrier proteins for the movement of particles like glucose and ions?
In which type of cells can osmosis cause cells to become flaccid?
What is the process of moving substances against their concentration gradient, requiring energy input?
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Where does gas exchange in the lungs occur through the process of diffusion?
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Study Notes
- Two-part series on how cells take in useful substances and remove waste using diffusion, osmosis, and active transport.
- Materials exchange occurs between cells and their environment across the cell membrane for efficient transfer.
- Organisms have specialized exchange surfaces like alveoli in lungs, root hairs, nephrons, and kidneys.
- Diffusion is the process of particles spreading out from areas of high concentration to low concentration, requiring a concentration gradient and dissolved substances.
- Examples of diffusion include: gas exchange in the lungs (oxygen into blood, carbon dioxide out), carbon dioxide moving into plant leaves, and digested food moving into the blood.
- Facilitated diffusion is a type of diffusion that involves carrier proteins to enable the movement of particles like glucose and ions.
- Osmosis is similar to diffusion but only for water, moving from a dilute solution to a more concentrated one, creating net movement to the more concentrated side until equilibrium is reached.
- Osmosis out of a cell can cause cells to shrivel up (animal cells) or become flaccid (plant cells), while osmosis into a cell makes plant cells swell and become turgid.
- Active transport is the process of moving substances against their concentration gradient, requiring energy input.
- Active transport is covered in part 2 of the series.
- Key facts: Diffusion and osmosis are methods of transporting substances across cell membranes, requiring different conditions, and have various applications in nature.
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Description
Explore the processes of diffusion and osmosis as methods of material exchange across cell membranes, including their conditions and applications in nature. Learn about the specialized exchange surfaces in organisms like alveoli, root hairs, nephrons, and kidneys.
