Chapter 16 Nucleic Acids and Inheritance: DNA as Genetic Material
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Questions and Answers

Who first discovered the genetic role of DNA?

  • Kathleen Fitzpatrick
  • Nicole Tunbridge
  • Frederick Griffith (correct)
  • T. H. Morgan

What did Frederick Griffith call the phenomenon whereby some living cells became pathogenic when mixed with heat-killed remains of a pathogenic strain?

  • Transmutation
  • Transformation (correct)
  • Translocation
  • Transcription

Who conducted research showing that genes are located on chromosomes, leading to DNA and protein becoming candidates for the genetic material?

  • Kathleen Fitzpatrick
  • T. H. Morgan (correct)
  • Nicole Tunbridge
  • Frederick Griffith

What were the two components of chromosomes that became candidates for the genetic material?

<p>DNA and protein (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When did the identification of the molecules of inheritance pose a major challenge to biologists?

<p>Early in the 20th century (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did T. H. Morgan's group show about genes?

<p>They are located on chromosomes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What provided more evidence for DNA as the genetic material?

<p>Studies of viruses that infect bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technique did Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin use to study molecular structure?

<p>X-ray crystallography (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who showed that DNA is the genetic material of a phage known as T2?

<p>Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Erwin Chargaff report in 1950?

<p>The base composition of DNA varies from one species to the next (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Oswald Avery, Maclyn McCarty, and Colin MacLeod identify as the transforming substance?

<p>DNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What allowed James Watson to deduce that DNA was helical?

<p>X-ray crystallographic images of DNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Chargaff's rules, what is the relationship between the number of A and T bases and the number of G and C bases in any species?

<p>$A = T$ and $G = C$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase conclude based on their experiment with the T2 phage?

<p>$DNA$ provides the genetic information (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who used X-ray crystallography to study molecular structure?

<p>Rosalind Franklin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Franklin's X-ray crystallographic images of DNA suggest about its structure?

<p>It is made up of two strands forming a double helix (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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