Chapter 16 Nucleic Acids and Inheritance: DNA as Genetic Material
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Questions and Answers

Who first discovered the genetic role of DNA?

  • Kathleen Fitzpatrick
  • Nicole Tunbridge
  • Frederick Griffith (correct)
  • T. H. Morgan
  • What did Frederick Griffith call the phenomenon whereby some living cells became pathogenic when mixed with heat-killed remains of a pathogenic strain?

  • Transmutation
  • Transformation (correct)
  • Translocation
  • Transcription
  • Who conducted research showing that genes are located on chromosomes, leading to DNA and protein becoming candidates for the genetic material?

  • Kathleen Fitzpatrick
  • T. H. Morgan (correct)
  • Nicole Tunbridge
  • Frederick Griffith
  • What were the two components of chromosomes that became candidates for the genetic material?

    <p>DNA and protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did the identification of the molecules of inheritance pose a major challenge to biologists?

    <p>Early in the 20th century</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did T. H. Morgan's group show about genes?

    <p>They are located on chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What provided more evidence for DNA as the genetic material?

    <p>Studies of viruses that infect bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technique did Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin use to study molecular structure?

    <p>X-ray crystallography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who showed that DNA is the genetic material of a phage known as T2?

    <p>Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Erwin Chargaff report in 1950?

    <p>The base composition of DNA varies from one species to the next</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Oswald Avery, Maclyn McCarty, and Colin MacLeod identify as the transforming substance?

    <p>DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What allowed James Watson to deduce that DNA was helical?

    <p>X-ray crystallographic images of DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Chargaff's rules, what is the relationship between the number of A and T bases and the number of G and C bases in any species?

    <p>$A = T$ and $G = C$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase conclude based on their experiment with the T2 phage?

    <p>$DNA$ provides the genetic information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who used X-ray crystallography to study molecular structure?

    <p>Rosalind Franklin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Franklin's X-ray crystallographic images of DNA suggest about its structure?

    <p>It is made up of two strands forming a double helix</p> Signup and view all the answers

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