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Questions and Answers
What is a common treatment for depression that involves increasing supplies of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and serotonin?
Which psychological perspective focuses on the importance of negative perceptions, beliefs, and thoughts in depression?
During which period did rates of bipolar disorders in the United States see a significant rise, especially among adults over 50 years old?
What does the gender gap in depression indicate about the risk of depression between men and women?
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How does stress affect an individual experiencing depression?
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According to research, are individuals at an increased risk of schizophrenia if their country experienced a flu epidemic during their fetal development?
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What is a biological factor that researchers believe contributes to anxiety-related disorders?
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What is an episode of intense dread that can be accompanied by chest pains, choking, or other frightening sensations called?
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What is anxiety that takes the form of an irrational and maladaptive fear of a specific object, activity, or situation called?
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When a person with an anxiety disorder eases anxiety by avoiding or escaping a situation that inspires fear, this is called:
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According to the learning perspective, what are specific phobias considered to be?
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"Depression is a whole-body disorder" means that it involves:
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Individuals with which eating disorder tend to maintain a weight within or above normal ranges?
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Why is dissociative identity disorder considered controversial?
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What characterizes a personality disorder like antisocial personality?
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What have PET scans of murderers’ brains revealed in terms of brain activation?
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Which eating disorder is characterized by a continuous desire to lose weight even when underweight?
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What is true about bulimia nervosa?
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What perspective do psychologists work within when emphasizing the importance of negative perceptions, beliefs, and thoughts in depression?
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What neurotransmitters are associated with depression?
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What is a common symptom of depression that involves disrupting sleep, energy levels, and concentration?
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Which factor increases the risk of depression for women compared to men?
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What are the two main types of eating disorders mentioned in the text?
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How does schizophrenia manifest according to the text?
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Which trimester of pregnancy is associated with a higher risk of the child developing schizophrenia if the mother had an influenza infection?
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Do pregnant women whose offspring develop schizophrenia show higher-than-normal levels of antibodies suggesting a viral infection in their blood?
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Which type of symptoms, characterized by an expressionless face and toneless voice, are most common in chronic schizophrenia and do not typically respond well to drug therapy?
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What combination of factors contribute to the onset and development of schizophrenia?
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Are third-trimester infections during pregnancy linked to an increased risk of the child developing schizophrenia?
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Do psychological stress alone contribute to the onset and development of schizophrenia?
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Study Notes
Depression
- Depression involves the whole body, disrupting sleep, energy levels, and concentration.
- The gender gap in depression refers to the fact that women's risk of depression is roughly double that of men's.
- Treatment for depression often includes drugs that increase supplies of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and serotonin.
- Psychologists who emphasize the importance of negative perceptions, beliefs, and thoughts in depression are working within the social-cognitive perspective.
Bipolar Disorder
- Rates of bipolar disorders in the United States rose dramatically between 1994 and 2003, especially among people 19 and under.
Schizophrenia
- Schizophrenia involves the altered perceptions, emotions, and behaviors of a mind split from reality.
- Delusions are a characteristic of schizophrenia.
- Hallucinations are a characteristic of schizophrenia.
- Are people at increased risk of schizophrenia if, during the middle of their fetal development, their country experienced a flu epidemic? Yes.
- Mothers who report being sick with influenza during pregnancy are more likely to bear children who develop schizophrenia, particularly when infections occur during the second trimester.
- Blood drawn from pregnant women whose offspring develop schizophrenia shows higher-than-normal levels of antibodies that suggest a viral infection.
- Factors that contribute to the onset and development of schizophrenia include biological factors, including abnormalities in brain structure and function, and environmental factors such as nutritional deprivation.
Eating Disorders
- People with anorexia nervosa continue to want to lose weight even when they are underweight.
- Those with bulimia nervosa tend to have a weight that fluctuates within or above normal ranges.
Dissociative Identity Disorder
- Dissociative identity disorder is controversial because it is almost never reported outside North America.
Personality Disorders
- A personality disorder, such as antisocial personality, is characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning.
Anxiety Disorders
- Researchers believe that conditioning and cognitive processes contribute to anxiety-related disorders, and biological factors including inherited temperament differences, gene variations, experience-altered brain pathways, and outdated inherited responses also contribute to these disorders.
- An episode of intense dread that can be accompanied by chest pains, choking, or other frightening sensations is called a panic attack.
- Anxiety that takes the form of an irrational and maladaptive fear of a specific object, activity, or situation is called a specific phobia.
- When a person with an anxiety disorder eases anxiety by avoiding or escaping a situation that inspires fear, this is called reinforcement.
- The learning perspective proposes that specific phobias are conditioned fears.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the biological factors contributing to anxiety-related disorders, including inherited temperament differences, gene variations, experience-altered brain pathways, and outdated inherited responses. Multiple choice questions are provided to assess your understanding of these concepts.
