Suicidal Ideation and Attempts Quiz

Biological Influences on Mental Health

• Environment, socio-cultural, and psychological factors are biological influences on mental health.

Equifinality

• The principle of Equifinality states that different risk factors can lead to the same mental health outcome.

Indicators of Abnormality

• Statistical infrequency, disability or dysfunction, and personal distress are indicators of abnormality, but cultural relativism is not.

Anxiety Disorders

• Avoidance behavior is a key causal factor that links various anxiety disorders together.

Disorders and Caregivers

• Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) is characterized by a child's inability to form proper social and emotional connections with others due to insufficient care from caregivers.
• Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder (DSED) involves overly friendly and unreserved behavior with unfamiliar adults due to insufficient care from caregivers.

Mental Health Literacy

• The main goal of mental health literacy programs is to increase awareness and understanding of mental health issues.

Clinical Interviews

• Structured clinical interviews involve a standardized set of questions, whereas unstructured clinical interviews involve open-ended questions.

Assessment

• The three key elements that determine the usefulness of an assessment are reliability, validity, and sensitivity.

Suicidal Ideation and Attempts

• Demographic factors that can contribute to suicidal ideation and attempts include age, gender, and race.
• The three factors that the three-step theory of suicide posits lead to suicidal ideation and attempts are pain, hopelessness, and press.

Sensate Focus Treatment

• The sensate focus treatment, developed by Masters and Johnson, is a behavioral technique used to treat sexual dysfunction.

Psychoanalytic School of Thought

• The primary focus of the psychoanalytic school of thought is on unconscious thoughts and feelings.
• Therapeutic techniques commonly used in the psychoanalytic approach include free association, dream analysis, and transference.

Conditioning

• Pavlovian conditioning involves associating a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit an unconditioned response, whereas operant conditioning involves the use of reinforcement or punishment to increase or decrease a behavior.

Depression

• Neurotransmitters implicated in depression include serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine.

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) and Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)

• PMDD is a more severe form of PMS, characterized by mood symptoms and functional impairment.

Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD)

• DMDD is characterized by frequent, severe temper outbursts.

Cognitive-Behavioral Model

• According to the cognitive-behavioral model, avoidance behaviors can be reinforced by a reduction in anxiety.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

• The primary focus of CBT is on identifying and changing maladaptive thought patterns and behaviors.
• A weakness of CBT is that it may not address underlying unconscious issues.

Eating Disorders

• Bulimia Nervosa involves periods of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors like vomiting or excessive exercise.

Gender Dysphoria

• Gender dysphoria can be associated with anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation.
• Treatment for gender dysphoria can include hormone therapy and gender-affirming surgery.

Obesity

• Obesity can be associated with mental health issues, such as depression and low self-esteem.
• A contributing factor to obesity is unhealthy eating habits.

Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa

• Anorexia Nervosa is characterized by a fear of gaining weight, while Bulimia Nervosa is characterized by periods of binge eating.

Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa

• Treatment for anorexia nervosa can be challenging due to the patient's resistance to change.
• Fairburn's CBT-E is a specific type of CBT that focuses on eating habits and weight management.

Research Bias on Gender Dysphoria

• Research bias on gender dysphoria can stem from a lack of representation and understanding of gender non-conforming individuals.