Cerebrospinal Fluid and Blood-Brain Barrier Hooper
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Questions and Answers

What does turbidity in cerebrospinal fluid indicate?

  • Presence of proteins
  • Absence of blood
  • Increased cell count (correct)
  • Decreased cell count

    • Where does the absorption of cerebrospinal fluid primarily occur?

  • Dural sinuses (correct)
  • Subarachnoid space
  • Ventricles
  • Spinal cord

    • What is the approximate rate of cerebrospinal fluid production in dogs?

  • 20 mL/hr
  • 3 mL/hr (correct)
  • 10 mL/hr
  • 1 mL/hr

    • Which type of hydrocephalus is caused by an obstruction to CSF flow?

    <p>Non-communicating hydrocephalus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause communicating hydrocephalus?

    <p>Decreased CSF absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens in the brain during non-communicating hydrocephalus?

    <p>Ventricles expand, increasing intracranial pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of the blood-brain barrier?

    <p>Oligodendrocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the tight junctions in brain capillaries?

    <p>To block the passage of solutes through the intercellular clefts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following molecules can easily pass across the capillary endothelium of the blood-brain barrier?

    <p>Nicotine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which glucose and some amino acids can cross the blood-brain barrier?

    <p>By specific, carrier-mediated transport mechanisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the blood-brain barrier is FALSE?

    <p>It has a high rate of pinocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cell types is NOT directly involved in the structure of the blood-brain barrier?

    <p>Neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

    <p>Facilitating the transport of oxygen to brain cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is CSF primarily produced?

    <p>Choroid plexuses in the ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct flow pathway of CSF through the ventricular system?

    <p>Lateral ventricles → Third ventricle → Cerebral aqueduct → Fourth ventricle → Subarachnoid space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following processes is NOT involved in the production of CSF?

    <p>Active transport of glucose into the ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following meninges is the outermost layer surrounding the brain and spinal cord?

    <p>Dura mater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the blood-brain barrier?

    <p>To prevent the entry of toxins and pathogens into the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is hydrocephalus?

    <p>An excessive buildup of CSF in the ventricles and subarachnoid space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is CSF typically sampled in humans?

    <p>From the subarachnoid space in the lumbar spinal column</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the meninges is correct?

    <p>The dura mater fuses with the inner surface of the skull bones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a component of the blood-brain barrier?

    <p>Tight junctions between ependymal cells covering the capillaries in the choroid plexus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What prevents the passage of molecules through intercellular clefts in brain capillaries?

    <p>Tight junctions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecules are 'repelled' by the blood-brain barrier and will not reach the nervous tissue?

    <p>Antibiotics and anti-parasitic drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of the blood-brain barrier that allows the passage of small, uncharged, lipid-soluble molecules?

    <p>Presence of tight junctions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of transport mechanism enables molecules like glucose and some amino acids to pass through the blood-brain barrier?

    <p>Carrier-mediated transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component surrounds the endothelium in brain capillaries at the blood-brain barrier?

    <p>Pericytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do specific carrier systems play in relation to solutes at the blood-brain barrier?

    <p>Facilitating uptake of solutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a pink tint in cerebrospinal fluid suggest?

    <p>Presence of blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hydrocephalus is often caused by an obstruction to cerebrospinal fluid flow?

    <p>Non-communicating hydrocephalus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does most of the absorption of cerebrospinal fluid into the venous system occur?

    <p>Arachnoid villi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of increased intracranial pressure in communicating hydrocephalus?

    <p>Impairment of absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What volume of cerebrospinal fluid is typically produced daily in humans?

    <p>$20$ mL/hr</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens in the brain during non-communicating hydrocephalus?

    <p>Expansion of ventricular regions at the expense of brain tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

    <p>To cushion the brain against physical trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the cerebrospinal fluid primarily produced?

    <p>In the choroid plexus of the ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the cerebrospinal fluid flow through the central nervous system?

    <p>From the ventricles to the subarachnoid space, and then into the venous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the blood-brain barrier?

    <p>To prevent the entry of harmful substances into the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of the tight junctions in the blood-brain barrier?

    <p>To restrict the movement of most molecules between the blood and brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outermost layer of the meninges that surrounds the brain and spinal cord?

    <p>Dura mater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

    <p>Maintaining a consistent extracellular environment for neurons and glia cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which the choroid plexus produces cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

    <p>Active transport of sodium and chloride ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) typically sampled in humans?

    <p>From the subarachnoid space in the lumbar spinal column</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the arachnoid mater, one of the meningeal layers?

    <p>To trap cerebrospinal fluid between it and the pia mater</p> Signup and view all the answers

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