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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of mitochondria in cells?
Which of the following features is NOT characteristic of both mitochondria and chloroplasts?
Which organelle is primarily involved in photosynthesis?
What unique characteristic do mitochondria and chloroplasts share with bacteria?
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What is the main role of peroxisomes within a cell?
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Study Notes
Mitochondria
- Function in cellular respiration by using oxygen to produce ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the energy currency of cells.
- Involved in energy conversion processes vital for various cellular activities.
Chloroplasts
- Found in plants and algae, these organelles are responsible for photosynthesis, converting sunlight into chemical energy.
- Contain chlorophyll, which captures light energy for the photosynthetic process.
Peroxisomes
- Act as oxidative organelles involved in various metabolic functions, including the breakdown of fatty acids and detoxification of hydrogen peroxide.
- Play a key role in maintaining cellular health by neutralizing harmful reactive oxygen species.
Similarities Between Mitochondria and Chloroplasts
- Both possess a double membrane structure, allowing compartmentalization and enhanced function.
- Contain free ribosomes and circular DNA, supporting the theory of their evolutionary origin from bacteria.
- Capable of growing and reproducing somewhat independently from the host cell, highlighting their semi-autonomous nature.
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Description
Explore the functions and features of key cellular organelles such as mitochondria, chloroplasts, and peroxisomes. Discover their roles in energy production, photosynthesis, and cellular health, along with their similarities and evolutionary origins.
