Cells Assessment - Chapters 8 to 10

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Questions and Answers

Which statement accurately describes a difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Eukaryotic cells are invariably smaller than prokaryotic cells.

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells have one. (correct)

Prokaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles.

Both types of cells have a cell wall made of cellulose.

What type of transport protein facilitates the movement of water across the cell membrane?

Transporter protein

Channel protein

Receptor protein

Aquaporin (correct)

In a hypotonic solution, what is the expected effect on an animal cell?

The cell will remain unchanged.

The cell will become rigid and stabilize.

The cell will shrink and become crenated.

The cell will swell and potentially lyse. (correct)

Which organelle is primarily responsible for producing ATP during cellular respiration?

Mitochondria Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of the cell cycle is characterized by DNA synthesis?

S Phase Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes pinocytosis from phagocytosis in cellular uptake mechanisms?

Pinocytosis is the uptake of liquids, while phagocytosis involves the ingestion of larger particles. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of NADH and FADH2 in cellular respiration?

They transport electrons to the electron transport chain. Signup and view all the answers

How does the sodium-potassium pump maintain cellular homeostasis?

It transports potassium ions into the cell while exporting sodium ions out. Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence if a cell fails to pass the G1 checkpoint?

The cell enters a permanent state of quiescence. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions would lead to the production of glucose in the Calvin Cycle?

Availability of NADPH and ATP. Signup and view all the answers

In what way does exocytosis differ from endocytosis?

Exocytosis is the process of exporting substances from a cell. Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for the manufacture and modification of proteins?

Endoplasmic reticulum Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary impact of a disruption in lysosomal function?

Accumulation of waste materials within the cell. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes chloroplasts in plant cells from other organelles?

They are involved in photosynthesis and energy conversion. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Unit 3: Cells Assessment

Textbook Chapters: Chapters 8, 9, 10
Test Format: 52 Multiple Choice Questions
Assignments: All previous assignments related to chapters 8,9 ,and 10

Chapter 8.1 - Cell Theory

Students need to identify the three main principles of cell theory.
Students need to differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Students need to recognize cellular organelles found uniquely in each cell type, as well as common organelles in both cell types.
Students need to know examples of each type of cell.

Chapter 8.2 - Cell Structures

Students must define and describe the function of various organelles (e.g. cytoskeleton, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, vesicles, mitochondria, vacuoles, lysosomes, centrioles, cell wall, chloroplasts).
Students need to understand why different organelles are prevalent in different cells based on their function.
Students should distinguish characteristics of organelles in plant and animal cells appropriately.

Chapter 8.3 - Cell Transport

Students need to describe passive transport mechanisms (simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis).
Students need to define and recognize types of molecules transported in each passive transport category, and recognize the role of transport proteins.
Students should know the conditions associated with hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic environments and how cells respond to such exposures.
Students need to explain the movement of water in living cells (e.g. osmosis), and how cell size and mass may be impacted by such.
Students must explain active transport, exocytosis, endocytosis, and differentiate between phagocytosis and pinocytosis.
Students need to describe the sodium-potassium pump mechanism.

Chapter 9.1 - Energy and Life

Students need to explain how ATP conversion to ADP powers cellular processes.
Students need to distinguish between autotrophs and heterotrophs.

Chapter 4.2 and 4.3 - Photosynthesis

Students should be able to explain the flow of energy from sunlight to NADPH and ATP in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.
Students need to know the necessity of NADPH and ATP for the production of glucose in the Calvin cycle.
Students must analyze data related to photosynthesis concentrations of CO2 and O2.
Students must explain how photosynthetic cells capture energy from light and transfer it to biological molecules.
Students need to explain the role of Photosystems II and I, the H+ concentration gradient, the electron transport chain, ATP synthase, ATP + NADPH, and the Calvin cycle.

Chapter 10.1 and 10.2 - Cellular Respiration

Students need to describe the processes that allow organisms to use energy stored in macromolecules.
Students need to define reactants and products for each stage in cellular respiration (Glycolysis, Krebs's Cycle, Electron Transport Chain + ATP Synthase - Oxidative Phosphorylation).
Students need to explain the role of NADH and FADH2 in the electron transport chain.
Students need to recognize how the electron transport chain establishes an electrochemical gradient and how that gradient is used.
Students must apply data analysis using the bromothymol blue indicator.

Chapter 10.3 - Fermentation

Students need to explain cellular fermentation and its function in the absence of oxygen.

Chapter 11.2 - The Cell Cycle

Students must describe the stages of the eukaryotic cell cycle (interphase, gap 1, S phase, gap 2, mitosis).
Students need to be able to identify the sequence of cell cycle stages.
Students must explain why cells need to divide.

Chapter 11.3 - Regulation of the Cell Cycle

Students must explain why cell cycles are regulated.
Students need to describe various cell cycle checkpoints (G1, G2).
Students need to explain what happens if a cell does not pass a checkpoint (repair damage, apoptosis).
Students need to distinguish between cancer cells and normal cells.

General Study Skills

Analyze and interpret data, develop and justify claims using data analysis.
Analyze a visual representation of biological concepts/processes.
Determine and apply appropriate scientific questions and methods
Predict the effect of disruptions to a system.

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Description

Test your knowledge on cell theory, structures, and organelles with this comprehensive assessment. This quiz covers key principles from Chapters 8, 9, and 10, featuring 52 multiple choice questions. Prepare to differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and identify unique cellular organelles.