Cells Assessment - Chapters 8 to 10

Unit 3: Cells Assessment

• Textbook Chapters: Chapters 8, 9, 10
• Test Format: 52 Multiple Choice Questions
• Assignments: All previous assignments related to chapters 8,9 ,and 10

Chapter 8.1 - Cell Theory

• Students need to identify the three main principles of cell theory.
• Students need to differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
• Students need to recognize cellular organelles found uniquely in each cell type, as well as common organelles in both cell types.
• Students need to know examples of each type of cell.

Chapter 8.2 - Cell Structures

• Students must define and describe the function of various organelles (e.g. cytoskeleton, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, vesicles, mitochondria, vacuoles, lysosomes, centrioles, cell wall, chloroplasts).
• Students need to understand why different organelles are prevalent in different cells based on their function.
• Students should distinguish characteristics of organelles in plant and animal cells appropriately.

Chapter 8.3 - Cell Transport

• Students need to describe passive transport mechanisms (simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis).
• Students need to define and recognize types of molecules transported in each passive transport category, and recognize the role of transport proteins.
• Students should know the conditions associated with hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic environments and how cells respond to such exposures.
• Students need to explain the movement of water in living cells (e.g. osmosis), and how cell size and mass may be impacted by such.
• Students must explain active transport, exocytosis, endocytosis, and differentiate between phagocytosis and pinocytosis.
• Students need to describe the sodium-potassium pump mechanism.

Chapter 9.1 - Energy and Life

• Students need to explain how ATP conversion to ADP powers cellular processes.
• Students need to distinguish between autotrophs and heterotrophs.

Chapter 4.2 and 4.3 - Photosynthesis

• Students should be able to explain the flow of energy from sunlight to NADPH and ATP in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.
• Students need to know the necessity of NADPH and ATP for the production of glucose in the Calvin cycle.
• Students must analyze data related to photosynthesis concentrations of CO2 and O2.
• Students must explain how photosynthetic cells capture energy from light and transfer it to biological molecules.
• Students need to explain the role of Photosystems II and I, the H+ concentration gradient, the electron transport chain, ATP synthase, ATP + NADPH, and the Calvin cycle.

Chapter 10.1 and 10.2 - Cellular Respiration

• Students need to describe the processes that allow organisms to use energy stored in macromolecules.
• Students need to define reactants and products for each stage in cellular respiration (Glycolysis, Krebs's Cycle, Electron Transport Chain + ATP Synthase - Oxidative Phosphorylation).
• Students need to explain the role of NADH and FADH2 in the electron transport chain.
• Students need to recognize how the electron transport chain establishes an electrochemical gradient and how that gradient is used.
• Students must apply data analysis using the bromothymol blue indicator.

Chapter 10.3 - Fermentation

• Students need to explain cellular fermentation and its function in the absence of oxygen.

Chapter 11.2 - The Cell Cycle

• Students must describe the stages of the eukaryotic cell cycle (interphase, gap 1, S phase, gap 2, mitosis).
• Students need to be able to identify the sequence of cell cycle stages.
• Students must explain why cells need to divide.

Chapter 11.3 - Regulation of the Cell Cycle

• Students must explain why cell cycles are regulated.
• Students need to describe various cell cycle checkpoints (G1, G2).
• Students need to explain what happens if a cell does not pass a checkpoint (repair damage, apoptosis).
• Students need to distinguish between cancer cells and normal cells.

General Study Skills

• Analyze and interpret data, develop and justify claims using data analysis.
• Analyze a visual representation of biological concepts/processes.
• Determine and apply appropriate scientific questions and methods
• Predict the effect of disruptions to a system.