IMG_0218.jpeg

# Unit 3 Cells Assessment ## Textbook Chapters: Chapters 8, 9, and 10 ### Test Format: ~52 Multiple Choice **Chapter 8.1 - Cell Theory** * Be able to identify the three major principles of cell theory * Be able to distinguish between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells * Organelles that make...

# Unit 3 Cells Assessment ## Textbook Chapters: Chapters 8, 9, and 10 ### Test Format: ~52 Multiple Choice **Chapter 8.1 - Cell Theory** * Be able to identify the three major principles of cell theory * Be able to distinguish between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells * Organelles that make them different from one another * Organelles they both have in common * Examples of each cell type **Chapter 8.2 - Cell Structure** * **Organelles:** * Be able to define the structure and function of various organelles * Cytoskeleton * Nucleus * Endoplasmic reticulum * Ribosomes * Golgi apparatus * Vesicle * Mitochondria * Vacuole * Lysosome * Centriole * Cell Wall * Chloroplast * Be able to predict the cause or effect of a disruption to organelle function * Be able to identify organelles that would be present in greater numbers in different cells based on their function. * Be able to describe the differences between plant cells and animal cells. * Organelles they have in common * Organelles only found in plants * Organelles only found in animals. **Chapter 8.3 - Cell Transport** * **Diffusion and Osmosis:** * Be able to describe how molecules are transported during passive transport in relation to the concentration gradient * Be able to describe the types of passive transport and the types of molecules that are moved across the membrane in each. * Simple Diffusion * Facilitated Diffusion * Osmosis * Be able to identify the name of the protein that helps water move through the membrane. * Be able to distinguish between hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic solutions. * Movement of water. * Change in mass or size * Be able to explain how living cells change when exposed to hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic solutions * Be able to explain how and why transport proteins help move molecules across a membrane in facilitated diffusion. * Predict how movements of solutes/water across the membrane given concentrations can impact water movement * **Active Transport, Endocytosis, and Exocytosis:** * Be able to explain the difference between passive transport and active transport * Movement of molecules with respect to the concentration gradient. * Energy Required * Be able to distinguish between exocytosis and endocytosis. * Be able to explain the difference between pinocytosis and phagocytosis. * Be able to explain the movement of Na and K using the sodium-potassium pump. **Chapter 9.1 - Energy and Life** * Be able to explain how the conversion of ATP to ADP powers the processes of the cell. * Be able to distinguish between autotrophs and heterotrophs. **Chapter 4.2 & 4.3 - Photosynthesis** * Be able to explain the flow of energy from sunlight to NADPH and ATP in the Light Dependent reactions * Be able to explain why NADPH and ATP are necessary for the formation of glucose in the Calvin Cycle. * Be able to analyze data using the indicator bromothymol blue for concentrations of CO2 and O2 and how those concentrations relate to photosynthesis. * Be able to explain the series of steps that a photosynthetic cell uses to capture energy from light and transfer it to biological molecules for storage and use. * Photosystems II and I * H+-Concentration Gradient * Electron Transport Chain * ATP Synthase * ATP + NADPH * Calvin Cycle * Products + Reactants (Overall and of each step) * Stroma * Thylakoids **Chapter 10.1 & 10.2 - Cellular Respiration** * Be able to describe the processes that allow organisms to use energy stored in biological macromolecules * Be able to explain the reactants and products of each step. * Glycolysis * Krebs Cycle * Electron Transport Chain + ATP Synthase (Oxidative Phosphorylation) * Be able to explain the role of NADH and FADH2 in the electron transport chain that is found in the mitochondrial membrane * Be able to explain how the ETC establishes an electrochemical gradient of H+ and how that gradient is used. * Be able to analyze data using the indicator bromothymol blue for concentrations of CO2 and O2 and how those concentrations relate to cellular respiration. **Chapter 10.3 - Fermentation** * Be able to explain how fermentation functions to allow the cell to continue making small amounts of ATP in the absence of Oxygen **Chapter 11.2 - The Cell Cycle** * Be able to explain the difference between the different stages of the cell cycle for eukaryotic cells * Interphase * Gap 1 * S Phase (Synthesis) * Gap 2 * Mitosis * Be able to identify the sequence of cell cycle stages * Be able to explain why cells need to divide **Chapter 11.3 - Regulation of the Cell Cycle** * Be able to explain why the cell cycle needs to be regulated * Be able to describe the various checkpoints of the cell cycle. * G1 * G2 * M * Be able to explain what happens if a cell does not pass a checkpoint * Repair damage * Apoptosis * Be able to define cancer and how it behaves differently from a normal cell **Additional Skills:** * Analyzing a visual representation of a biological concept or process * Determining scientific questions and methods * Analyzing and interpreting data * Developing and justifying scientific claims using data * Predict the effect of a disruption on a system