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Questions and Answers
Which subatomic particle is much lighter than protons and orbits around the nucleus at high speed?
Which subatomic particle is much lighter than protons and orbits around the nucleus at high speed?
- Neutrons
- Electrons (correct)
- Protons
- Ions
What is the atomic number of an atom?
What is the atomic number of an atom?
- The number of neutrons in the atom
- The number of electrons in the atom
- The number of protons in the atom (correct)
- The total number of subatomic particles in the atom
What are atoms of an element with different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus called?
What are atoms of an element with different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus called?
- Neutrons
- Electrons
- Isotopes (correct)
- Protons
What is the average mass of an element's atoms called?
What is the average mass of an element's atoms called?
What are atoms or molecules that have an electric charge called?
What are atoms or molecules that have an electric charge called?
What type of chemical bond is created by the electrical attraction between anions and cations?
What type of chemical bond is created by the electrical attraction between anions and cations?
What type of covalent bond is formed when electrons are shared equally between atoms?
What type of covalent bond is formed when electrons are shared equally between atoms?
Which of the following is NOT a common function of all living things?
Which of the following is NOT a common function of all living things?
What does homeostasis refer to?
What does homeostasis refer to?
Which form of homeostatic regulation corrects variations back to the normal range?
Which form of homeostatic regulation corrects variations back to the normal range?
What is the increase in size of an organism through cell growth or the addition of new cells called?
What is the increase in size of an organism through cell growth or the addition of new cells called?
What is the study of life and encompasses common functions of all living things called?
What is the study of life and encompasses common functions of all living things called?
Which type of movement refers to the ability to respond to changes in the immediate environment?
Which type of movement refers to the ability to respond to changes in the immediate environment?
What is the sum of all chemical operations occurring in the body and provides energy for other functions?
What is the sum of all chemical operations occurring in the body and provides energy for other functions?
Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
What is the function of microvilli?
What is the function of microvilli?
Which process is responsible for the movement of water across the plasma membrane?
Which process is responsible for the movement of water across the plasma membrane?
What is the control center of the cell?
What is the control center of the cell?
What determines the osmotic flow in a cell?
What determines the osmotic flow in a cell?
Which type of tissue covers external surfaces?
Which type of tissue covers external surfaces?
What are the long extensions of the plasma membrane used for movement and sensing signals?
What are the long extensions of the plasma membrane used for movement and sensing signals?
Which process involves the uptake of materials into the cell?
Which process involves the uptake of materials into the cell?
Which membrane protects joints?
Which membrane protects joints?
Which of the following best describes the function of negative feedback in homeostasis?
Which of the following best describes the function of negative feedback in homeostasis?
Which of the following correctly describes the difference between ionic and covalent bonds?
Which of the following correctly describes the difference between ionic and covalent bonds?
Which of the following best describes the function of enzymes?
Which of the following best describes the function of enzymes?
Which of the following best describes the property of water known as surface tension?
Which of the following best describes the property of water known as surface tension?
Which of the following best describes the process of catabolism?
Which of the following best describes the process of catabolism?
Which of the following best describes the function of the plasma membrane?
Which of the following best describes the function of the plasma membrane?
Which of the following best describes the process of osmosis?
Which of the following best describes the process of osmosis?
Which type of tissue lines cavities not open to the outside?
Which type of tissue lines cavities not open to the outside?
Which type of membrane covers the surface of the body?
Which type of membrane covers the surface of the body?
Which type of muscle tissue is found in the walls of blood vessels?
Which type of muscle tissue is found in the walls of blood vessels?
Which type of muscle tissue is striated and voluntary?
Which type of muscle tissue is striated and voluntary?
Which type of muscle tissue is found only in the heart?
Which type of muscle tissue is found only in the heart?
Which type of muscle tissue has limited ability to repair?
Which type of muscle tissue has limited ability to repair?
Which type of muscle tissue is found in the walls of the stomach and uterus?
Which type of muscle tissue is found in the walls of the stomach and uterus?
Which type of tissue is specialized for transmitting electrical impulses?
Which type of tissue is specialized for transmitting electrical impulses?
Which type of tissue is most concentrated in the brain and spinal cord?
Which type of tissue is most concentrated in the brain and spinal cord?
Which type of tissue processes information and controls responses?
Which type of tissue processes information and controls responses?
Which process involves the fusion of intracellular vesicles with the plasma membrane to release fluids and/or solids from the cell?
Which process involves the fusion of intracellular vesicles with the plasma membrane to release fluids and/or solids from the cell?
What is the function of microvilli?
What is the function of microvilli?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the endoplasmic reticulum?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the endoplasmic reticulum?
Which of the following best describes the function of the nucleus?
Which of the following best describes the function of the nucleus?
Which of the following best describes the function of ribosomes?
Which of the following best describes the function of ribosomes?
Which type of tissue covers external body surfaces?
Which type of tissue covers external body surfaces?
Which of the following best describes the function of cilia?
Which of the following best describes the function of cilia?
Which of the following best describes the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Which of the following best describes the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Which of the following best describes the process of diffusion?
Which of the following best describes the process of diffusion?
Which of the following best describes the process of active transport?
Which of the following best describes the process of active transport?
What type of epithelium is typically found in serous membranes?
What type of epithelium is typically found in serous membranes?
Which type of muscle tissue is found in the walls of the stomach and uterus?
Which type of muscle tissue is found in the walls of the stomach and uterus?
What is the function of synovial membranes?
What is the function of synovial membranes?
Which type of muscle tissue is striated and voluntary?
Which type of muscle tissue is striated and voluntary?
What is the main function of nervous tissue?
What is the main function of nervous tissue?
Which type of tissue covers the surface of the body?
Which type of tissue covers the surface of the body?
What type of tissue is found in the walls of blood vessels?
What type of tissue is found in the walls of blood vessels?
What is the main function of muscle tissue?
What is the main function of muscle tissue?
What is the function of serous membranes?
What is the function of serous membranes?
Which type of epithelium is typically found in cutaneous membranes?
Which type of epithelium is typically found in cutaneous membranes?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane?
Which of the following best describes the function of the nuclear envelope?
Which of the following best describes the function of the nuclear envelope?
Which of the following best describes the function of microvilli?
Which of the following best describes the function of microvilli?
Which of the following best describes the function of cilia?
Which of the following best describes the function of cilia?
Which of the following best describes the function of ribosomes?
Which of the following best describes the function of ribosomes?
Which of the following best describes the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)?
Which of the following best describes the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)?
Which of the following best describes the function of mitochondria?
Which of the following best describes the function of mitochondria?
Which of the following best describes the function of tumors?
Which of the following best describes the function of tumors?
Which of the following best describes the process of cellular differentiation?
Which of the following best describes the process of cellular differentiation?
Which of the following best describes the function of epithelial tissue?
Which of the following best describes the function of epithelial tissue?
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Study Notes
Cell Structure and Tissues
- Enzymes catalyze reactions in cells, with substrates binding to the enzyme's active site.
- The plasma membrane is extremely thin (6nm - 10nm) and composed of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates.
- Transport processes include diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, active transport, endocytosis, and exocytosis.
- Osmotic flow is determined by the solute concentration, with isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions affecting the cell's shape.
- The nucleus is the control center of the cell and is surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope.
- Microvilli are small projections of the plasma membrane that increase the surface area of cells.
- Cilia are long extensions of the plasma membrane that can be motile or nonmotile, used for movement and sensing signals.
- Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis and can be free or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
- The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of intracellular membranes with functions such as synthesis, storage, transport, and detoxification.
- Mitochondria provide energy for the cell through energy-producing reactions.
- Tumors can be benign or malignant, with the latter spreading through invasion and metastasis.
- Cellular differentiation occurs when specific genes are turned off, leading to the specialization of cells into different types and the formation of tissues.
- Epithelial tissue covers external surfaces, connective tissue provides support, mucous and serous membranes line passageways and cavities, synovial membranes protect joints, muscle tissue allows for contraction, and nervous tissue transmits electrical impulses.
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