105 Questions
Which of the following is true about negative feedback loops in homeostasis?
They maintain the stability of a system
What is the main function of the plasma membrane?
To regulate the movement of substances into and out of the cell
Which of the following accurately describes osmosis?
It is the movement of water molecules from a hypotonic solution to a hypertonic solution
Which of the following is NOT a common function of all living things?
Metabolism
What is the internal balance or stable internal environment that must be maintained for survival called?
Homeostasis
Which form of homeostatic regulation corrects variations back to normal range?
Negative feedback
What are the anatomical concepts that include anatomical regions, directions, planes, and body cavities of the trunk called?
Anatomical concepts
Which subatomic particle is much lighter than protons and orbits around the nucleus at high speed?
Electrons
What is the atomic number of an atom?
The number of protons in an atom
What are ions?
Atoms or molecules that have an electric charge
What type of bond is created by the electrical attraction between anions and cations?
Ionic bond
Which structure is responsible for protein synthesis in a cell?
Ribosomes
Which transport process involves the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration?
Diffusion
What is the function of the plasma membrane in a cell?
Regulating the movement of substances
What is the role of the nucleus in a cell?
Controlling cell activities
Which subatomic particle is responsible for the electrical charge of an atom?
Protons
What is the atomic number of an atom?
The number of protons in an atom
What is the average mass of an element's atoms called?
Atomic weight
Which type of bond is formed by sharing of electrons between atoms?
Covalent bond
Which type of covalent bond is formed when electrons are shared equally?
Nonpolar covalent bond
What is the attraction between a slight positive charge on a hydrogen atom and a slight negative charge on an oxygen or nitrogen atom called?
Hydrogen bond
What is the capacity to perform work called?
Energy
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a positive feedback loop?
It helps to restore homeostasis
Which of the following is an example of an anatomical landmark?
The umbilicus
Which of the following is an example of a covalent bond?
Water (H2O)
Which of the following is a property of water?
It has high surface tension
Which of the following is a function of the mitochondria?
ATP production
Which of the following is an example of a hypertonic solution?
A solution with a higher concentration of solutes than the cell
Which of the following is a common function of all living things?
Metabolism
Which of the following is NOT a common function of all living things?
Responsiveness
What is the state of internal balance or stable internal environment that must be maintained for survival called?
Homeostasis
Which of the following accurately describes negative feedback?
Corrects variations back to normal range
What is the increase in size of an organism through cell growth or the addition of new cells called?
Growth
Which of the following is true about positive feedback loops in homeostasis?
Reinforces or exaggerates the original stimulus
What is the study of life and encompasses common functions of all living things called?
Biology
Which of the following is NOT included in anatomical concepts?
Anatomical regions
Which of the following processes is responsible for the movement of molecules from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration?
Active transport
Which of the following accurately describes the function of microvilli in cells?
They increase the surface area of cells
Which of the following accurately describes the structure of the plasma membrane?
It is composed of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates
Which of the following accurately describes the function of the endoplasmic reticulum in cells?
It synthesizes, stores, and transports substances
Which of the following accurately describes the role of the nucleus in a cell?
It controls cell activities and contains genetic material
Which of the following accurately describes the function of mitochondria in cells?
They provide energy for the cell
Which of the following accurately describes the function of cilia in cells?
They allow for movement and sensing signals
Which of the following accurately describes the function of ribosomes in cells?
They synthesize proteins
Which of the following accurately describes cellular differentiation?
It occurs when specific genes are turned off, leading to the specialization of cells into different types and the formation of tissues
Which of the following is NOT a common function of all living things?
Metabolism
What is the state of internal balance or stable internal environment that must be maintained for survival called?
Homeostasis
Which form of homeostatic regulation corrects variations back to normal range?
Negative feedback
Which of the following accurately describes the function of mitochondria in cells?
Providing energy for other functions
Which of the following accurately describes the function of cilia in cells?
Moving through the environment
Which of the following accurately describes the function of ribosomes in cells?
Protein synthesis
Which of the following accurately describes the function of the endoplasmic reticulum in cells?
Modifying proteins and synthesizing lipids
Which of the following subatomic particles is much lighter than protons and orbits around the nucleus at high speed?
Electrons
Which type of bond is created by the electrical attraction between anions and cations?
Ionic bond
Which of the following is the atomic number of an atom?
The number of protons in an atom
What is the attraction between a slight positive charge on a hydrogen atom and a slight negative charge on an oxygen or nitrogen atom called?
Hydrogen bond
Which of the following is NOT a common function of all living things?
Generation of heat to maintain body temperature
Which transport process involves the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration?
Passive diffusion
Which of the following is an example of a hypertonic solution?
A solution with a higher concentration of solutes than the cell
Which of the following accurately describes the function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in cells?
It is involved in lipid metabolism and detoxification.
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?
It is involved in intracellular transport.
Which of the following accurately describes the function of microvilli in cells?
They increase the surface area for absorption and secretion.
What is the function of the plasma membrane in a cell?
It regulates the movement of substances into and out of the cell.
Which of the following accurately describes the function of ribosomes in cells?
They are responsible for protein synthesis.
Which of the following accurately describes the function of mitochondria in cells?
They are involved in energy production.
Which of the following accurately describes the function of the nucleus in a cell?
It contains genetic material and controls cell activities.
Which of the following accurately describes the function of the plasma membrane in a cell?
It regulates the movement of substances into and out of the cell.
Which of the following accurately describes the function of ribosomes in cells?
They are responsible for protein synthesis.
Which of the following accurately describes the function of the endoplasmic reticulum in cells?
It is involved in synthesis, storage, transport, and detoxification.
Which of the following accurately describes the function of mitochondria in cells?
They provide energy for the cell through energy-producing reactions.
Which of the following accurately describes the function of microvilli in cells?
They increase the surface area of cells.
Which of the following accurately describes the function of cilia in cells?
They can be motile or nonmotile and are used for movement and sensing signals.
Which of the following accurately describes the function of the nucleus in a cell?
It is the control center of the cell and stores genetic information.
Which of the following accurately describes the function of epithelial tissue?
It covers external surfaces.
Which of the following accurately describes the function of connective tissue?
It provides support.
Which of the following is true about isotopes?
Isotopes have different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus
Which of the following is true about covalent bonds?
Covalent bonds are formed by sharing of electrons between atoms
Which of the following is true about polar covalent bonds?
Polar covalent bonds are formed by unequal sharing between atoms of different elements
Which of the following is true about hydrogen bonds?
Hydrogen bonds are weak attractive forces between polar covalent bonds
Which of the following is true about energy?
Energy can be converted from one form to another
Which of the following is true about enzymes?
Enzymes eliminate the need for extreme temperature or pH changes
Which of the following is true about water?
Water is an essential reactant in chemical reactions
Which of the following accurately describes homeostasis?
The state of internal balance or stable internal environment that must be maintained for survival
Which of the following accurately describes negative feedback?
The most common form of homeostatic regulation, correcting variations back to normal range
Which of the following accurately describes positive feedback?
Reinforces or exaggerates the original stimulus, often involved in potentially dangerous processes
Which of the following accurately describes growth?
The increase in size of an organism through cell growth or the addition of new cells
Which of the following accurately describes responsiveness?
The ability to respond to changes in the immediate environment
Which of the following accurately describes movement?
Can be internal (transporting materials within the body) or external (moving through the environment)
Which of the following accurately describes metabolism?
The sum of all chemical operations occurring in the body and provides energy for other functions
Which of the following accurately describes the difference between negative feedback and positive feedback loops in homeostasis?
Negative feedback loops maintain homeostasis by reversing a change, while positive feedback loops amplify a change and move the body further away from homeostasis.
What is the function of the plasma membrane in a cell?
The plasma membrane controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell.
Which of the following accurately describes osmosis?
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
Which of the following accurately describes the function of mitochondria in cells?
Mitochondria are involved in the breakdown of molecules to release energy for the cell.
Which of the following accurately describes the function of ribosomes in cells?
Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis in cells.
Which of the following accurately describes the function of the endoplasmic reticulum in cells?
The endoplasmic reticulum controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell.
Which of the following accurately describes the difference between ionic bonds and covalent bonds?
Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons between atoms, while covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms.
Which of the following accurately describes the function of the plasma membrane in cells?
It regulates the movement of substances into and out of the cell.
Which of the following accurately describes the function of the nucleus in a cell?
It is the control center of the cell.
Which of the following accurately describes the function of microvilli in cells?
They increase the surface area of cells.
Which of the following accurately describes the function of cilia in cells?
They are used for movement and sensing signals.
Which of the following accurately describes the function of the endoplasmic reticulum in cells?
It is a network of intracellular membranes with functions such as synthesis, storage, transport, and detoxification.
Which of the following accurately describes the function of mitochondria in cells?
They provide energy for the cell through energy-producing reactions.
Which of the following accurately describes cellular differentiation?
It is the process of cells becoming specialized into different types and forming tissues.
Which of the following accurately describes osmosis?
It is the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.
Which of the following accurately describes negative feedback?
It maintains stability and keeps a variable within a normal range.
Study Notes
Cell Structure and Tissues
- Enzymes catalyze reactions in cells, with substrates binding to the enzyme's active site.
- The plasma membrane is extremely thin (6nm - 10nm) and composed of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates.
- Transport processes include diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, active transport, endocytosis, and exocytosis.
- Osmotic flow is determined by the solute concentration, with isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions affecting the cell's shape.
- The nucleus is the control center of the cell and is surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope.
- Microvilli are small projections of the plasma membrane that increase the surface area of cells.
- Cilia are long extensions of the plasma membrane that can be motile or nonmotile, used for movement and sensing signals.
- Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis and can be free or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
- The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of intracellular membranes with functions such as synthesis, storage, transport, and detoxification.
- Mitochondria provide energy for the cell through energy-producing reactions.
- Tumors can be benign or malignant, with the latter spreading through invasion and metastasis.
- Cellular differentiation occurs when specific genes are turned off, leading to the specialization of cells into different types and the formation of tissues.
- Epithelial tissue covers external surfaces, connective tissue provides support, mucous and serous membranes line passageways and cavities, synovial membranes protect joints, muscle tissue allows for contraction, and nervous tissue transmits electrical impulses.
Cell Structure and Tissues
- Enzymes catalyze reactions in cells, with substrates binding to the enzyme's active site.
- The plasma membrane is extremely thin (6nm - 10nm) and composed of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates.
- Transport processes include diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, active transport, endocytosis, and exocytosis.
- Osmotic flow is determined by the solute concentration, with isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions affecting the cell's shape.
- The nucleus is the control center of the cell and is surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope.
- Microvilli are small projections of the plasma membrane that increase the surface area of cells.
- Cilia are long extensions of the plasma membrane that can be motile or nonmotile, used for movement and sensing signals.
- Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis and can be free or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
- The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of intracellular membranes with functions such as synthesis, storage, transport, and detoxification.
- Mitochondria provide energy for the cell through energy-producing reactions.
- Tumors can be benign or malignant, with the latter spreading through invasion and metastasis.
- Cellular differentiation occurs when specific genes are turned off, leading to the specialization of cells into different types and the formation of tissues.
- Epithelial tissue covers external surfaces, connective tissue provides support, mucous and serous membranes line passageways and cavities, synovial membranes protect joints, muscle tissue allows for contraction, and nervous tissue transmits electrical impulses.
Cell Structure and Tissues
- Enzymes catalyze reactions in cells, with substrates binding to the enzyme's active site.
- The plasma membrane is extremely thin (6nm - 10nm) and composed of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates.
- Transport processes include diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, active transport, endocytosis, and exocytosis.
- Osmotic flow is determined by the solute concentration, with isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions affecting the cell's shape.
- The nucleus is the control center of the cell and is surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope.
- Microvilli are small projections of the plasma membrane that increase the surface area of cells.
- Cilia are long extensions of the plasma membrane that can be motile or nonmotile, used for movement and sensing signals.
- Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis and can be free or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
- The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of intracellular membranes with functions such as synthesis, storage, transport, and detoxification.
- Mitochondria provide energy for the cell through energy-producing reactions.
- Tumors can be benign or malignant, with the latter spreading through invasion and metastasis.
- Cellular differentiation occurs when specific genes are turned off, leading to the specialization of cells into different types and the formation of tissues.
- Epithelial tissue covers external surfaces, connective tissue provides support, mucous and serous membranes line passageways and cavities, synovial membranes protect joints, muscle tissue allows for contraction, and nervous tissue transmits electrical impulses.
Cell Structure and Tissues
- Enzymes catalyze reactions in cells, with substrates binding to the enzyme's active site.
- The plasma membrane is extremely thin (6nm - 10nm) and composed of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates.
- Transport processes include diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, active transport, endocytosis, and exocytosis.
- Osmotic flow is determined by the solute concentration, with isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions affecting the cell's shape.
- The nucleus is the control center of the cell and is surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope.
- Microvilli are small projections of the plasma membrane that increase the surface area of cells.
- Cilia are long extensions of the plasma membrane that can be motile or nonmotile, used for movement and sensing signals.
- Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis and can be free or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
- The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of intracellular membranes with functions such as synthesis, storage, transport, and detoxification.
- Mitochondria provide energy for the cell through energy-producing reactions.
- Tumors can be benign or malignant, with the latter spreading through invasion and metastasis.
- Cellular differentiation occurs when specific genes are turned off, leading to the specialization of cells into different types and the formation of tissues.
- Epithelial tissue covers external surfaces, connective tissue provides support, mucous and serous membranes line passageways and cavities, synovial membranes protect joints, muscle tissue allows for contraction, and nervous tissue transmits electrical impulses.
Test your knowledge on cell structure and tissues with this quiz. Learn about enzymes, plasma membrane, transport processes, nucleus, microvilli, cilia, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, tumors, cellular differentiation, and different types of tissues.
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