Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which characteristic is exclusively associated with eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells?
Which characteristic is exclusively associated with eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells?
- The presence of ribosomes for protein synthesis
- DNA organized within a membrane-bound nucleus (correct)
- Metabolic processes occurring within the cytoplasm
- A plasma membrane composed of a phospholipid bilayer
What is the most significant implication of the endosymbiotic theory for understanding cell biology?
What is the most significant implication of the endosymbiotic theory for understanding cell biology?
- Demonstrates how cells can engulf viruses for immunity.
- Provides evidence for the evolution of mitochondria and chloroplasts from prokaryotic organisms. (correct)
- Details the process of cell differentiation during embryonic development.
- Explains the origin of the cell wall in plant cells.
If a cell type specializes in producing large quantities of lipids, which organelle would likely be most abundant?
If a cell type specializes in producing large quantities of lipids, which organelle would likely be most abundant?
- Golgi Apparatus
- Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) (correct)
- Lysosomes
- Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)
A mutation disrupts the function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell, leading to impaired protein modification and sorting. What is the most likely consequence?
A mutation disrupts the function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell, leading to impaired protein modification and sorting. What is the most likely consequence?
Following translation, what is the correct order of organelles a protein destined for secretion passes through?
Following translation, what is the correct order of organelles a protein destined for secretion passes through?
Based on electronegativity differences, which bond is most likely to be a polar covalent bond?
Based on electronegativity differences, which bond is most likely to be a polar covalent bond?
How would a cell membrane composed primarily of saturated phospholipids differ from one composed of unsaturated phospholipids?
How would a cell membrane composed primarily of saturated phospholipids differ from one composed of unsaturated phospholipids?
A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. How would you expect this to affect the cell?
A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. How would you expect this to affect the cell?
Flashcards
What are three major differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
What are three major differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, have a single circular chromosome, and are typically smaller than eukaryotic cells.
What is the endosymbiotic theory?
What is the endosymbiotic theory?
This theory proposes that mitochondria and chloroplasts originated from free-living bacteria that were engulfed by ancestral eukaryotic cells.
Describe the functions of the major eukaryotic organelles.
Describe the functions of the major eukaryotic organelles.
The nucleus houses the cell's genetic material (DNA), the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) synthesizes and modifies proteins and lipids, the Golgi apparatus packages and sorts proteins, lysosomes break down waste materials and cellular debris, and mitochondria produce energy (ATP) through cellular respiration.
Define electronegativity.
Define electronegativity.
Signup and view all the flashcards
How does electronegativity determine the types of chemical bonds?
How does electronegativity determine the types of chemical bonds?
Signup and view all the flashcards
What makes a molecule hydrophilic or hydrophobic?
What makes a molecule hydrophilic or hydrophobic?
Signup and view all the flashcards
Describe the structure and behavior of a phospholipid in water.
Describe the structure and behavior of a phospholipid in water.
Signup and view all the flashcards
What are the four primary components of a cell membrane?
What are the four primary components of a cell membrane?
Signup and view all the flashcards
Study Notes
Cell Structure and Function, Biomolecules, Membrane Structure & Transport
- Cell Characteristics: Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells differ in several key characteristics.
- Endosymbiotic Theory: Explain the significance of the endosymbiotic theory.
- Eukaryotic Organelles: Idenitfy major eukaryotic organelles and their functions from a figure.
- Organelle Function: Predict the organelle central to a particular cell type's function.
- Organelle Defects: Predict consequences of defective organelles on cells.
- Protein Export Pathway: Trace a protein's pathway from production to secretion.
- Common Cell Elements: Identify common elements in cells, and the four macromolecule classes with their monomers.
- Electronegativity and Bonds: Define electronegativity, and use difference in atom electronegativity values to classify bonds (polar covalent, nonpolar covalent, ionic).
- Molecule Behavior in Water: Predict molecule behavior (hydrophobic or hydrophilic) and explain why molecules with primarily nonpolar covalent or polar covalent bonds behave differently in water.
- Water Molecule and Bonds: Draw a water molecule, identify bonds within and between molecules.
- Bond Types: Contrast covalent, ionic, and hydrogen bonds.
- Phospholipid Structure and Behavior: Draw a phospholipid, identify polar/nonpolar regions, and describe how phospholipids behave in water.
- Cell Membrane Components: Draw a cell membrane and label its four primary components.
- Substance Permeability: Rank the ability of different substances (large vs. small, polar vs. nonpolar, charged vs. uncharged) to cross a phospholipid bilayer.
- Membrane Movement: Predict substance movement across membranes based on concentration gradients.
- Membrane Fluidity and Permeability: Contrast membrane fluidity and permeability of saturated vs. unsaturated phospholipid membranes.
- Cholesterol Effect: Predict how cholesterol addition alters membrane permeability.
- Solution Concentration: Determine relative concentrations of solute and water in hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic solutions.
- Water Movement: Predict the direction of water movement in cells placed in different solutions (hypertonic, hypotonic, isotonic).
- Energy for Transport: Predict whether energy is needed to move substances with or against concentration gradients.
- Transport Proteins: Predict when transport proteins are needed, and contrast carrier, channel, and pump membrane proteins.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
