20 Questions
Which receptor binds to ICAM?
LFA-1 integrin
What facilitates the entry of granzymes into the target cell?
Perforin-mediated pore formation
Which cells use similar mechanisms to kill target cells as NK cells?
NK cells
What mechanism is used by NK cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and eosinophils to eliminate pathogens?
Lytic enzymes
What contributes to pathogen clearance through direct killing by CTL or NK cells?
Cellular effector responses
Which type of cells collaborate as bridges with cellular responses?
B cells
What do macrophages eliminate once activated by T cells?
Intracellular pathogens
What is the main regulator of NK cell activation?
IL12 and IL-15 cytokines
Which molecule acquires high avidity for its ligand after antigen recognition?
LFA-1 integrin receptor
Which mechanism leads to DNA fragmentation and does not require mRNA or protein synthesis?
Proteolytic activity of granzymes
What is the function of Helper T cells?
Producing a distinct cytokine profile
How do CTLs recognize foreign antigens?
Through TCR recognition of antigens presented on MHC class I molecules
What is the role of IL-2 in CTL activation?
Inducing proliferation
How do NK cells recognize target cells?
By activating and inhibitory receptors
What are the pathways involved in the destruction of target cells by CTLs?
Perforin/granzyme pathways
What is the function of TH17 subset of Helper T cells?
Producing a distinct cytokine profile
What is the primary function of TFH subset of Helper T cells?
Regulating distinct activities within the body
What is the main function of TREG subset of Helper T cells?
Regulating distinct activities within the body
What is the role of ADCC and IgE-mediated activation of eosinophils in helminthic infections?
Activating eosinophils to combat helminthic infections
What are the events in the destruction of target cells by CTLs?
Conjugate formation
Test your knowledge on cellular effector responses, including cytolytic responses to microorganisms replicating in the cytoplasm and T-cell-mediated activation of phagocytes. Learn about TH-cell differentiation, including the distinct subsets and their cytokine profiles.
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