38 Questions
What is the primary role of cell-mediated immunity?
To detect and eliminate cells that harbor intracellular pathogens
Which type of immune response is responsible for eliminating foreign cells and altered self-cells?
Cell-mediated immunity
What is the function of CD4+ effector T cells in cell-mediated immunity?
To mediate delayed type hypersensitivity reactions
What is the purpose of co-stimulation in T cell activation?
To provide a second signal for T cell activation
What is the role of adhesion molecules in T cell responses?
To stabilize T cell-APC binding
What is the function of CD28 on T cells?
To bind to B7 on APCs
What is the result of the interaction between CD40L on T cells and CD40 on APCs?
No direct effect on T cell activation
What is the purpose of clonal expansion in T cell responses?
To increase the number of antigen-specific T cells
What is the function of cytokines in T cell responses?
To organize and support cell-mediated immunity
What is the difference between humoral and cell-mediated immunity?
Humoral immunity protects against extracellular antigens, while cell-mediated immunity protects against intracellular antigens
Which of the following molecules is NOT involved in target cell destruction by CTLs?
IFN-gamma
What is the primary function of TH1 cells in immunity?
Macrophage activation
Which of the following is a characteristic of naive T cytotoxic cells?
Incapability of carrying out cytotoxic activity
What is the primary mechanism by which adjuvants enhance T cell-dependent immune responses in vaccines?
By inducing the expression of costimulators on APCs and stimulating cytokine secretion
What is the role of CD40L-CD40 interaction in T cell activation?
To activate T cells by making APCs better at stimulating T cells
What is the primary role of CD40 ligand in T-cell effector functions?
B-cell activation
During which phase of the CTL-mediated immune response do effector CTLs recognize and eliminate target cells?
Phase 2
What is the function of CTLA-4 and PD-1 in T cell activation?
To inhibit T cell activation by terminating responses
What is the primary mechanism of cross-presentation by dendritic cells?
Ingestion of infected cells and presentation of microbial antigens to CD8+ T cells and CD4+ helper T cells
Which of the following cytokines is secreted by TH1 cells to promote macrophage activation?
IFN-gamma
What is the primary requirement for the activation of CD8+ T cells?
Recognition of class I MHC-associated peptides and costimulation
What is the role of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the activation of CD8+ T cells?
To ingest infected cells and present microbial antigens to CD8+ T cells and CD4+ helper T cells
What type of immune response is dominated by the production of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies and the activation of eosinophils?
Helminthic infections
Which type of CD4+ T cells produces interferon-γ (IFN-γ) as its signature cytokine?
Th1 cells
What is the primary function of Th17 cells in the immune response?
Stimulation of neutrophil recruitment
Which type of T cells recognizes class I MHC-peptide complexes on the surface of infected cells?
CD8+ T cells
What is the purpose of co-stimulatory signals in T cell activation?
To provide a second signal necessary for T cell activation
Which type of immune response is characterized by the production of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13?
Th2 response
What is the primary function of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs)?
To kill infected cells
What is the role of IL-12 and IFN-γ in the differentiation of CD4+ T cells?
To induce Th1 cell differentiation
What is the primary function of IL-2 in the generation of cytotoxic T cells?
Proliferation and differentiation of antigen-activated naïve CTL into effector CTLs
Which of the following is NOT a requirement for the generation of CTLs from naïve CTLs?
Interaction with IL-10
What is the purpose of CD45RO in effector T cells?
To enhance TCR signal transduction
What is the primary function of LFA-1 in the effector phase of a CTL-mediated response?
Formation of a conjugate with target cells
What is the primary function of granzymes and perforin in CD8+ CTLs?
To kill infected cells
What is the result of the interaction between FasL and Fas on the surface of target cells?
Induction of apoptosis in target cells
In IL-2 knockout mice, what is the effect on CTL-mediated cytotoxicity?
It is abolished
What is the purpose of the temporary high-avidity state of LFA-1 after antigen-mediated activation?
To facilitate dissociation of CTL from target cells
Test your knowledge on cell-mediated immunity, including T cell responses, antigen recognition, and functional responses of T lymphocytes. Learn about the different types of T cell-mediated immune reactions and the development and functions of CD4+ and CD8+ effector T lymphocytes.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
