Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the longest part of the cell cycle?
What is the longest part of the cell cycle?
- G2 phase
- Prophase
- Interphase (correct)
- Mitosis
Which cells in humans contain 46 chromosomes?
Which cells in humans contain 46 chromosomes?
- Egg and sperm cells
- Somatic cells (correct)
- All of the cells in the body (correct)
- Cells in anaphase
Which characteristic would not be exhibited by cancer cells?
Which characteristic would not be exhibited by cancer cells?
- Density-dependent inhibition (correct)
- Apoptosis
- Metastasis
- Passing through the restriction point
What typically occurs after a cell passes the restriction point in G1 phase?
What typically occurs after a cell passes the restriction point in G1 phase?
What is the primary role of the mitotic spindle during cell division?
What is the primary role of the mitotic spindle during cell division?
What is a karyotype?
What is a karyotype?
What are autosomes?
What are autosomes?
What happens during telophase of mitosis?
What happens during telophase of mitosis?
At which phase of the cell cycle do centrioles begin to move apart and chromatin condenses into chromosomes?
At which phase of the cell cycle do centrioles begin to move apart and chromatin condenses into chromosomes?
Why do specialized cells like neurons and muscle cells divide infrequently?
Why do specialized cells like neurons and muscle cells divide infrequently?
What is cytokinesis?
What is cytokinesis?
Which phase of cell division involves alignment of chromosomes on the equator of the cell?
Which phase of cell division involves alignment of chromosomes on the equator of the cell?
What is the role of the mitotic spindle during cell division?
What is the role of the mitotic spindle during cell division?
What explains the phenomenon where neighboring cells signal each other to stop dividing?
What explains the phenomenon where neighboring cells signal each other to stop dividing?
Which statement is true regarding transformed (cancer) cells?
Which statement is true regarding transformed (cancer) cells?
What defines a genome?
What defines a genome?
What occurs during the first meiotic division?
What occurs during the first meiotic division?
Which statement is not true regarding homologous chromosomes?
Which statement is not true regarding homologous chromosomes?
How do cancer cells differ from normal cells?
How do cancer cells differ from normal cells?
Which macromolecules are eukaryotic chromosomes primarily composed of?
Which macromolecules are eukaryotic chromosomes primarily composed of?
What does not occur during mitosis?
What does not occur during mitosis?
In which phase do sister chromatids separate?
In which phase do sister chromatids separate?
What is a key difference between asexual and sexual reproduction?
What is a key difference between asexual and sexual reproduction?
A human cell containing 22 autosomes and a Y chromosome is classified as what?
A human cell containing 22 autosomes and a Y chromosome is classified as what?
If a heterozygous pea plant is crossed with a homozygous tall pea plant, what is the probability that the offspring will be dwarf in size?
If a heterozygous pea plant is crossed with a homozygous tall pea plant, what is the probability that the offspring will be dwarf in size?
The frequency of Down syndrome in the human population is most closely correlated with which of the following?
The frequency of Down syndrome in the human population is most closely correlated with which of the following?
Why do the F1 offspring of Mendel's classic pea cross always look like one of the two parental varieties?
Why do the F1 offspring of Mendel's classic pea cross always look like one of the two parental varieties?
Independent assortment of chromosomes results from which process?
Independent assortment of chromosomes results from which process?
With the genotype BbHh, how many unique gametes can be produced?
With the genotype BbHh, how many unique gametes can be produced?
Which of the following describes a male's genetic makeup for the X chromosome?
Which of the following describes a male's genetic makeup for the X chromosome?
Which condition is the only viable monosomy known to occur in newborns?
Which condition is the only viable monosomy known to occur in newborns?
How are closely linked genes inherited?
How are closely linked genes inherited?
Flashcards
Restriction point
Restriction point
A point in the G1 phase where a cell commits to division or proceeds to G0
Sister chromatids separate
Sister chromatids separate
During anaphase of mitosis, cohesion proteins break down, separating sister chromatids, allowing chromosomes to move to opposite poles.
Mitostic spindle begins to form
Mitostic spindle begins to form
In prophase, the spindle apparatus starts to assemble, composed of microtubules that will play a key role in chromosome alignment and separation.
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis
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Chromosome replication
Chromosome replication
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Chromosome alignment
Chromosome alignment
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Nuclear membrane reformation
Nuclear membrane reformation
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Longest stage cell cycle
Longest stage cell cycle
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Meiosis I
Meiosis I
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Centriole movement
Centriole movement
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Specialized cell division
Specialized cell division
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Sister Chromatids Separation
Sister Chromatids Separation
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Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis
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Homologous Chromosomes
Homologous Chromosomes
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Cancer Cells and Division
Cancer Cells and Division
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S-Phase
S-Phase
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Interphase
Interphase
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Eukaryotic Chromosomes
Eukaryotic Chromosomes
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Mitosis vs. Sexual Reproduction
Mitosis vs. Sexual Reproduction
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Sister Chromatids
Sister Chromatids
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Meiosis II
Meiosis II
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Density-dependent inhibition
Density-dependent inhibition
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Genome
Genome
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Asexual Reproduction
Asexual Reproduction
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Down Syndrome Aneuploidy
Down Syndrome Aneuploidy
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Mother's Age & Down Syndrome
Mother's Age & Down Syndrome
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Complete Dominance in Pea Plants
Complete Dominance in Pea Plants
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Mendel's Pea Cross F1 Offspring
Mendel's Pea Cross F1 Offspring
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Independent Assortment
Independent Assortment
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Barr Body Purpose
Barr Body Purpose
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Monohybrid Cross
Monohybrid Cross
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Sex-Linked Recessive Example
Sex-Linked Recessive Example
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Study Notes
Fill in the Blank
- A non-dividing state is a phase when a cell has not passed the restriction point
- Sister chromatids separate and chromosomes move apart
- Mitotic spindle forms
- Cell plate forms or cleavage furrow pinches cells apart
- Chromosomes replicate
- Chromosomes line up at the equatorial plane
- Nuclear membranes form around separated chromosomes
- Chromosomes become visible
- Kinetochore-microtubule interactions move chromosomes to the midline
- Longest stage of the cell cycle, composed of three substages
- Microtubules interact with kinetochore proteins at the centromere region
Multiple Choice
- The longest part of the cell cycle is interphase
- Humans have 46 chromosomes in somatic cells, and that number is found in somatic cells
- Cancer cells do not exhibit density-dependent inhibition
- A cell that passes the restriction point in G1 will most likely undergo chromosome duplication
- The restoration of the diploid chromosome number after halving in meiosis is due to fertilization
Additional Information
- DNA replication
- Somatic cell division is mitosis
- A karyotype is a pictorial display of an individual's chromosomes
- Autosomes are the first 22 pairs of chromosomes
- During meiosis I: synapsis of homologous chromosomes occurs, the chromosome number becomes haploid, crossing over between nonsister chromatids occurs, paternal and maternal chromosomes assort randomly
- Meiosis II is similar to mitosis because sister chromatids separate
- Homologous chromosomes are not true for mitosis
- The synapse during the S phase of meiosis
- They travel together to the metaphase plate in prometaphase of meiosis I
- Each parent contributes one set of homologous chromosomes to an offspring
- Crossing over occurs between nonsister chromatids of homologous chromosomes as indicated by chiasmata
- Cancer cells are always in the M phase of the cell cycle, suffering from density-dependence inhibition, and continue dividing even when densely packed together
- Eukaryotic chromosomes are composed of DNA and proteins
- A human cell containing 22 autosomes and a Y chromosome is a somatic cell of a male
- Sister chromatids separate in anaphase of mitosis and anaphase II of meiosis
- Asexual reproduction produces genetically identical offspring (mitosis)
- Sexual reproduction involves two parents, producing genetically distinct offspring (meiosis)
- Centrioles begin to move apart and chromatin condenses into chromosomes during prophase
- Cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm
- S-phase is when DNA is copied
- G1, S, and G2 stages make up interphase
- Bacteria cells use binary fission
- Sister chromatids are identical
- Chromosomes separate during anaphase
- Human cells have 46 chromosomes, not 46 pairs
- The microtubule-organizing center in animal cells is called centrosomes
- Gametes are haploid
- Crossing over occurs in meiosis I, but not meiosis II
- A zygote is a cell right before fertilization
- Meiosis starts with 1 cell and produces 4 cells
- Mitosis starts with 1 cell and produces 2 genetically identical cells
- The region where sister chromatids are most closely held together is called the centromere
- Sister chromatids are held together by cohesins
- The mitotic spindle plays a role in separating sister chromatids
- Metaphase is characterized by alignment of chromosomes on the equator of the cell
- Cells stop dividing when cell surface proteins contact neighboring cells through density-dependent inhibition
- A genome is the complete set of an organism's genes
- A syndrome is a group of traits typically found in conjunction with a particular chromosomal aberration or gene mutation
- In pea plants, the tall phenotype is dominant to the dwarf phenotype
- The frequency of Down syndrome in humans is most closely correlated with the age of the mother
- F1 offspring of Mendel's pea cross always look like one of the parental varieties because each allele affects phenotypic expression independently
- Phenotype is the observable characteristics of an organism
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Description
Test your knowledge on the phases of the cell cycle and key concepts such as interphase, mitosis, and chromosome behavior. This quiz includes fill-in-the-blank and multiple-choice questions that cover essential definitions and processes related to cell division and replication.
