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Questions and Answers
What is the term for the first stage of mitosis?
What is the term for the first stage of mitosis?
- Anaphase
- Telophase
- Prophase (correct)
- Metaphase
What phase of mitosis involves chromosomes aligning at the cell's equatorial plate?
What phase of mitosis involves chromosomes aligning at the cell's equatorial plate?
- Telophase
- Anaphase
- Metaphase (correct)
- Prophase
What is the term for the third stage of mitosis where sister chromatids are pulled apart?
What is the term for the third stage of mitosis where sister chromatids are pulled apart?
- Prophase
- Telophase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase (correct)
What is the final stage of mitosis called?
What is the final stage of mitosis called?
What is the name of the phase of the cell cycle where the cell is not dividing?
What is the name of the phase of the cell cycle where the cell is not dividing?
What are structures that carry genetic information?
What are structures that carry genetic information?
What are the elongated structures that help in cell division?
What are the elongated structures that help in cell division?
What is the term for the identical copies of a chromosome?
What is the term for the identical copies of a chromosome?
What do we call the cells that result from cell division?
What do we call the cells that result from cell division?
What is the material that makes up chromosomes, consisting of DNA and proteins?
What is the material that makes up chromosomes, consisting of DNA and proteins?
What is the outer layer of a cell that controls the movement of substances in and out?
What is the outer layer of a cell that controls the movement of substances in and out?
What is the organelle that contains the cell's genetic material?
What is the organelle that contains the cell's genetic material?
What is the structure that helps organize and separate chromosomes during cell division?
What is the structure that helps organize and separate chromosomes during cell division?
The genetic material in a non-dividing cell is in the form of ______.
The genetic material in a non-dividing cell is in the form of ______.
What is the membrane that surrounds the nucleus called?
What is the membrane that surrounds the nucleus called?
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Study Notes
Mitosis Stages
- Prophase: Chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes; nuclear envelope breaks down; spindle fibers form from centrioles.
- Metaphase: Chromosomes align at the cell's equatorial plane, attached to spindle fibers at their centromeres.
- Anaphase: Sister chromatids are pulled apart towards opposite poles of the cell, ensuring each daughter cell will receive an identical set of chromosomes.
- Telophase: Chromatids reach the poles and decondense back into chromatin; nuclear envelopes reform around each set of chromosomes.
Cell Cycle Components
- Interphase: The phase where the cell grows, duplicates its DNA, and prepares for mitosis; consists of G1, S, and G2 phases.
- Chromosome: A structure made of DNA and protein that carries genetic information; each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids during mitosis.
- Spindle Fibers: Protein structures that segregate chromosomes during cell division; they extend from centrioles to the centromeres of chromosomes.
- Chromatids: Identical halves of a duplicated chromosome (sister chromatids) that separate during anaphase.
- Daughter Cells: The two new cells that result after cytokinesis, each with a complete set of chromosomes.
- Chromatin: The relaxed form of DNA, which is not yet condensed into chromosomes; exists during interphase.
- Cell Membrane: The protective barrier of the cell that regulates what enters and exits; plays a role in maintaining homeostasis.
- Nucleus: The membrane-bound organelle that houses genetic material (DNA) and coordinates cell activities.
- Centriole: A cylindrical structure involved in the formation of spindle fibers during cell division.
- Nuclear Membrane: The double lipid bilayer that encloses the nucleus, regulating the flow of materials in and out of the nucleus.
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