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Questions and Answers
What phase are daughter cells in as a result of mitosis?
What phase are daughter cells in as a result of mitosis?
Interphase
During what phase of mitosis do centromeres divide and the chromosomes move toward their respective poles?
During what phase of mitosis do centromeres divide and the chromosomes move toward their respective poles?
Anaphase
What is the phase where chromatin condenses to form chromosomes?
What is the phase where chromatin condenses to form chromosomes?
Prophase
What is the name of the structure that connects the two chromatids?
What is the name of the structure that connects the two chromatids?
In a chromosome pair connected by a centromere, what is each individual chromosome called?
In a chromosome pair connected by a centromere, what is each individual chromosome called?
What are the two parts of cell division?
What are the two parts of cell division?
What structure forms in prophase along which the chromosomes move?
What structure forms in prophase along which the chromosomes move?
Which phase of mitosis is the last phase that chromatids are together?
Which phase of mitosis is the last phase that chromatids are together?
Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by a non-dividing cell?
Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by a non-dividing cell?
What structure is produced when protein fibers radiate from centrioles?
What structure is produced when protein fibers radiate from centrioles?
What forms across the center of a cell near the end of telophase?
What forms across the center of a cell near the end of telophase?
The period of cell growth and development between mitotic division?
The period of cell growth and development between mitotic division?
What is the phase where cytokinesis occurs?
What is the phase where cytokinesis occurs?
The phase where the sister chromatids are moving apart.
The phase where the sister chromatids are moving apart.
The phase where the nucleolus begins to fade from view.
The phase where the nucleolus begins to fade from view.
The phase where a new nuclear membrane is forming around the chromosomes.
The phase where a new nuclear membrane is forming around the chromosomes.
The phase where the cytoplasm of the cell is being divided.
The phase where the cytoplasm of the cell is being divided.
The phase where the chromosomes become invisible.
The phase where the chromosomes become invisible.
The phase where the chromosomes are located at the equator of the cell.
The phase where the chromosomes are located at the equator of the cell.
The phase where the nuclear membrane begins to fade from view.
The phase where the nuclear membrane begins to fade from view.
The phase where the division (cleavage) furrow appears.
The phase where the division (cleavage) furrow appears.
The phase where the chromosomes are moving towards the poles of the cell.
The phase where the chromosomes are moving towards the poles of the cell.
The phase where the chromatids line up along the equator.
The phase where the chromatids line up along the equator.
The phase where the spindle is formed.
The phase where the spindle is formed.
The phase where chromosomes are not visible.
The phase where chromosomes are not visible.
The phase where cytokinesis is completed.
The phase where cytokinesis is completed.
The phase where the cell plate is completed.
The phase where the cell plate is completed.
The phase where chromosomes are replicated.
The phase where chromosomes are replicated.
The phase that is the reverse of prophase.
The phase that is the reverse of prophase.
The phase that is the organization phase.
The phase that is the organization phase.
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Study Notes
Mitosis Key Phases
- Interphase: Stage where daughter cells grow and develop; characterized by a non-dividing state.
- Prophase: Chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes; spindle fibers form, and the nucleolus fades.
- Metaphase: Chromosomes align at the cell's equatorial plane; this is the last point chromatids remain together.
- Anaphase: Centromeres divide, allowing chromatids to be pulled toward opposite poles of the cell.
- Telophase: New nuclear membranes form around the separated chromosomes, and cytokinesis occurs; features the cell plate and cleavage furrow.
Structures and Terminology
- Centromere: The structural component that links two sister chromatids in a chromosome.
- Chromatid: Each individual chromosome in a pair connected by a centromere.
- Spindle Fiber: Protein structures that radiate from centrioles in prophase, aiding in chromosome movement.
- Cell Plate: Formation across the center of the cell towards the end of telophase during plant cell division.
Key Activities During Phases
- Cytokinesis: The process of cytoplasmic division that occurs during telophase.
- Chromosome Visibility: Chromosomes condense from invisible chromatin to visible structures during prophase and become invisible again in telophase.
- Cleavage Furrow: Appears during telophase, indicating the beginning of cytoplasmic division in animal cells.
Additional Insights
- Each phase of mitosis is crucial for proper cell division and function, ensuring genetic material is accurately distributed to daughter cells.
- The duration and conditions of interphase play a significant role in preparing cells for successful mitosis.
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