Labeling and Mitosis Stages Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What stage before mitosis is this?

Interphase

What stage of mitosis is this?

Prophase

What stage of mitosis is this?

Prometaphase

What stage of mitosis is this?

Metaphase Signup and view all the answers

What stage of mitosis is this?

Anaphase Signup and view all the answers

What stages of mitosis are these?

Telophase and Cytokinesis Signup and view all the answers

What stage makes up 90% of the cell cycle?

Interphase Signup and view all the answers

What stage of mitosis is it when a cell's metabolic activity is very high and the cell performs its various functions within the organism?

Interphase Signup and view all the answers

In what stage of mitosis do chromosomes duplicate?

Interphase Signup and view all the answers

What are the 5 stages of the mitotic phase?

Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase Signup and view all the answers

What is happening during prophase?

Microtubules begin to emerge from centrosomes, forming the spindle; chromosomes coil and become compact; nucleoli disappear. Signup and view all the answers

What is happening during prometaphase?

Spindle microtubules reach chromosomes; the nuclear envelope disappears; chromosomes are moved to the center. Signup and view all the answers

What is happening during metaphase?

The mitotic spindle is fully formed; chromosomes align at the cell equator. Signup and view all the answers

What is happening during anaphase?

Sister chromatids separate at the centromeres and daughter chromosomes move to opposite poles; the cell elongates. Signup and view all the answers

What is happening during telophase?

The nuclear envelope forms around chromosomes at each pole; chromatin uncoils and nucleoli reappear. Signup and view all the answers

What is A? B?

A- Centrioles, B- Centrosomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the longest stage of mitosis?

Metaphase Signup and view all the answers

What is A?

Cleavage furrow in cytokinesis Signup and view all the answers

The phase of mitosis during which the chromosomes move toward separate poles of the cell is ____.

Anaphase Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Mitosis Overview

Mitosis is the process of cell division resulting in two genetically identical daughter cells.
It consists of five distinct stages: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

Interphase

Interphase precedes mitosis, making up approximately 90% of the cell cycle.
In interphase, a cell's metabolic activity is high, performing its various functions.
Chromosomes duplicate during interphase, preparing for mitosis.

Prophase

Microtubules emerge from centrosomes in the cytoplasm, forming the spindle apparatus.
Chromosomes coil and condense, becoming visible under a microscope; nucleoli disappear.

Prometaphase

The nuclear envelope breaks down, allowing microtubules to interact with chromosomes.
Spindle microtubules attach to chromatids, moving them toward the cell's center via motor proteins.

Metaphase

The mitotic spindle is fully established, with chromosomes aligning at the cell equator.
This stage is the longest phase of mitosis, ensuring proper alignment before separation.

Anaphase

Sister chromatids separate at centromeres; daughter chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles.
Kinetochore microtubules shorten, while nonkinetochore microtubules elongate, causing cell elongation.

Telophase and Cytokinesis

The nuclear envelope reforms around each set of chromosomes at the poles, creating daughter nuclei.
Chromatin begins to uncoil, nucleoli reappear, and the spindle apparatus disassembles.
Cytokinesis typically occurs alongside telophase, characterized by the formation of a cleavage furrow in animal cells.

Centrioles and Centrosomes

Centrioles are cylindrical structures located within centrosomes, assisting in the formation of the spindle apparatus.
Centrosomes serve as the main organizing centers for microtubules during cell division.

Key Terms

Cleavage furrow: A narrow indentation in the cell membrane during cytokinesis, facilitating division into two cells.
Anaphase is defined as the stage where chromosomes move toward opposite poles of the cell.

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Test your knowledge on the stages of mitosis with these flashcards! Each card provides a term related to mitosis, asking you to identify the specific stage. Perfect for reinforcing your understanding of cell division.