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Cell Cycle and Radiosensitivity

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary cause of damage in reactions involving high LET radiations?

Compton scattering

Radiation-induced bond breaks

Absorption of energy by photoelectric interactions

Direct ionization of atoms in molecules (correct)

What type of DNA damage is most likely to occur at low-dose exposures?

Cleavage of the hydrogen bond between bases

Loss of a base

Double strand breaks

Single strand breaks (correct)

Which part of the cell is most sensitive to radiation?

Mitochondria

Plasma membrane

Endoplasmic reticulum

Nucleus (correct)

What is the result of increased radiation exposure on the number of mutations?

The number of mutations increases Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely outcome of double strand breaks that are too close to repair?

Mutations with adverse effects Signup and view all the answers

What type of radiation is most likely to cause direct ionization of atoms in molecules?

High LET radiation Signup and view all the answers

What is the most radiosensitive phase of the cell cycle?

G2-M phase Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between cell division rate and radiosensitivity?

Radiosensitivity is directly proportional to cell division rate Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells are most at risk from radiation?

Actively dividing cells Signup and view all the answers

What type of radiation damage occurs when ionization of atoms on key molecules takes place?

Direct action Signup and view all the answers

What type of radiation is classified as indirectly ionizing?

Gamma and x-radiations Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of radiation on undifferentiated hematopoietic cells?

They are more sensitive to radiation and die easily Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of DNA damage in germ cells?

Future offspring may be affected Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of antioxidants in the cell?

To inhibit the oxidation of other molecules Signup and view all the answers

What type of radiation is more likely to cause double-strand breaks in DNA?

High-LET radiation Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of unrepairable DNA damage in somatic cells?

Cell death Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increasing radiation exposure on the number of mutations?

It increases Signup and view all the answers

What is the repair mechanism for single-strand breaks in DNA?

Using the undamaged strand as a template Signup and view all the answers