Questions and Answers
What is metaphase?
The chromosomes line up across the middle of the cell.
What occurs during interphase?
The cell grows, matures, and eventually copies its DNA.
What happens during anaphase?
The chromatids are pulled apart to opposite ends of the cell.
What occurs during prophase?
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What is telophase?
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What is cytokinesis?
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Why is mitosis an important life process?
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What moves the chromatids during mitosis?
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What anchors the spindle during mitosis?
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What are the four phases of mitosis?
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How many daughter cells are created from mitosis and cytokinesis?
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During what phase does cytokinesis begin?
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If a human cell has 46 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will be in each daughter cell?
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If a dog cell has 72 chromosomes, how many daughter cells will be created during a single cell cycle?
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Each of these daughter cells will have how many chromosomes if the parent dog cell has 72?
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The nuclear membrane dissolves during what phase?
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What structure holds the individual chromatids together?
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What happens in mitosis?
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What occurs during G1?
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What happens during the S phase?
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What occurs during G2?
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What is a checkpoint in the cell cycle?
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What is asexual reproduction?
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What is a clone?
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What is sexual reproduction?
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Study Notes
Cell Cycle and Mitosis Overview
- Mitosis is a vital process for growth and development, allowing cells to divide and form new cells.
- In a single cell cycle, two daughter cells are produced from one parent cell.
Phases of the Cell Cycle
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Interphase:
- Longest phase where the cell grows, matures, and duplicates its DNA.
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Mitosis:
- Comprised of four key phases:
-
Prophase:
- Chromatin condenses into chromosomes and the nuclear membrane dissolves.
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Metaphase:
- Chromosomes align at the cell's equator.
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Anaphase:
- Chromatids are pulled apart to opposite ends of the cell.
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Telophase:
- Nuclear membranes form around each set of chromatids and the cell membrane begins to pinch in to divide the cytoplasm.
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Prophase:
- Comprised of four key phases:
-
Cytokinesis:
- Begins during telophase, resulting in the physical separation of the cell into two daughter cells.
Cellular Components and Functions
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Spindle:
- Structure responsible for moving chromatids during mitosis.
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Centrioles:
- Anchor points for the spindle fibers during cell division.
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Centromere:
- Holds individual chromatids together prior to separation.
Chromosome Count
- Human cells typically have 46 chromosomes; each daughter cell will also have 46 chromosomes after mitosis.
- A dog's cell, which has 72 chromosomes, will produce two daughter cells with 72 chromosomes each.
Cell Cycle Checkpoints and Phases
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G1 Phase:
- The cell increases in size and prepares for DNA synthesis.
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S Phase:
- DNA duplication occurs, ensuring that each daughter cell receives an exact copy of the genetic material.
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G2 Phase:
- The cell prepares for mitosis and checks that the DNA has been accurately replicated.
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Checkpoint:
- Ensures that genetic material is copied correctly before proceeding to division.
Reproductive Strategies
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Asexual Reproduction:
- Involves one parent producing offspring, resulting in clones that are genetically identical to the parent.
-
Sexual Reproduction:
- Involves two parents (male and female), producing unique offspring through the fusion of sperm and egg cells.
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Description
This quiz provides a comprehensive overview of the cell cycle, focusing specifically on the stages of mitosis. Learn about the key phases, including interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis, along with their functions in cell division. Perfect for students wanting to solidify their understanding of cell biology.
