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Questions and Answers
What is one of the primary functions of proteins within cells?
What is one of the primary functions of proteins within cells?
- Maintains cell shape and organization (correct)
- Regulates the transport of materials
- Assembles ribosomes
- Produces energy through photosynthesis
During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes align on the metaphase plate?
During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes align on the metaphase plate?
- Anaphase
- Telophase
- Metaphase (correct)
- Prophase
Which of the following describes a function of the nucleolus?
Which of the following describes a function of the nucleolus?
- Packages protein and lipid molecules
- Forms the nuclear envelope
- Produces and assembles ribosomes (correct)
- Breaks down and removes waste
What is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis regarding daughter cell production?
What is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis regarding daughter cell production?
Which event occurs during telophase of mitosis?
Which event occurs during telophase of mitosis?
Flashcards
What happens during Metaphase?
What happens during Metaphase?
The process where chromosomes line up at the center of the cell, attached by spindle fibers.
Function of a Chloroplast?
Function of a Chloroplast?
The organelle responsible for creating energy through photosynthesis and releasing oxygen.
What happens during Cytokinesis?
What happens during Cytokinesis?
The process where the cell membrane pinches inward, creating two separate daughter cells, each with its own cytoplasm and organelles.
What happens during Interphase?
What happens during Interphase?
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Function of the Plasma Membrane?
Function of the Plasma Membrane?
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Study Notes
Protein Functions
- Maintain cell shape and internal structure
- Produce and eliminate waste
- Undertake daily repairs and maintenance
Metaphase
- Chromosomes align at the cell's center (metaphase plate)
- Spindle fibers connect to chromosomes
- Centrioles are present
Chloroplast Function
- Generate energy through photosynthesis
- Release oxygen
Vacuole Function
- Breakdown and remove cellular waste
Mitosis vs. Meiosis Differences
- Mitosis has one stage, meiosis has two
- Mitosis creates 2 identical daughter cells, meiosis produces 4 genetically different cells
- Mitosis produces 46 chromosomes in daughter cells, meiosis produces 23
Nucleolus Function
- Synthesize and assemble ribosomes
Interphase Stages
- G1: Cell growth, enzyme production
- S: DNA replication
- G2: DNA error checking, organelle production
Golgi Apparatus Function
- Package proteins and lipids
Anaphase
- Centromeres split, separating sister chromatids
- Spindle fibers pull chromatids to opposite poles
- Each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes
Telophase
- Nuclear envelopes form around each set of chromosomes
- Spindle fibers disintegrate
- DNA unwinds
Interphase Events
- Nucleus prepares for division
- Double-stranded DNA becomes chromosomes
- DNA replicates to form identical copies
Prophase
- Nuclear envelope disappears
- DNA condenses into chromosomes
- Spindle apparatus forms
Cytokinesis
- Cell membrane pinches, dividing the cell
- Cytoplasm and organelles are divided
- Forming two new daughter cells
Plasma Membrane Function
- Control the movement of materials into and out of the cell
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