Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is one of the primary functions of proteins within cells?
What is one of the primary functions of proteins within cells?
During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes align on the metaphase plate?
During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes align on the metaphase plate?
Which of the following describes a function of the nucleolus?
Which of the following describes a function of the nucleolus?
What is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis regarding daughter cell production?
What is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis regarding daughter cell production?
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Which event occurs during telophase of mitosis?
Which event occurs during telophase of mitosis?
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Study Notes
Protein Functions
- Maintain cell shape and internal structure
- Produce and eliminate waste
- Undertake daily repairs and maintenance
Metaphase
- Chromosomes align at the cell's center (metaphase plate)
- Spindle fibers connect to chromosomes
- Centrioles are present
Chloroplast Function
- Generate energy through photosynthesis
- Release oxygen
Vacuole Function
- Breakdown and remove cellular waste
Mitosis vs. Meiosis Differences
- Mitosis has one stage, meiosis has two
- Mitosis creates 2 identical daughter cells, meiosis produces 4 genetically different cells
- Mitosis produces 46 chromosomes in daughter cells, meiosis produces 23
Nucleolus Function
- Synthesize and assemble ribosomes
Interphase Stages
- G1: Cell growth, enzyme production
- S: DNA replication
- G2: DNA error checking, organelle production
Golgi Apparatus Function
- Package proteins and lipids
Anaphase
- Centromeres split, separating sister chromatids
- Spindle fibers pull chromatids to opposite poles
- Each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes
Telophase
- Nuclear envelopes form around each set of chromosomes
- Spindle fibers disintegrate
- DNA unwinds
Interphase Events
- Nucleus prepares for division
- Double-stranded DNA becomes chromosomes
- DNA replicates to form identical copies
Prophase
- Nuclear envelope disappears
- DNA condenses into chromosomes
- Spindle apparatus forms
Cytokinesis
- Cell membrane pinches, dividing the cell
- Cytoplasm and organelles are divided
- Forming two new daughter cells
Plasma Membrane Function
- Control the movement of materials into and out of the cell
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Description
Test your understanding of key cell biology concepts including protein functions, stages of mitosis and meiosis, and the roles of various organelles like the chloroplast and Golgi apparatus. This quiz covers essential functions and processes that are fundamental to cellular life.
