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Questions and Answers
What is the stage of Prophase I where chromosomes begin to condense?
What is the stage of Prophase I where chromosomes begin to condense?
- Leptotene (correct)
- Zygotene
- Diploetene
- Pachytene
During which stage of Prophase I does crossing over occur?
During which stage of Prophase I does crossing over occur?
- Leptotene
- Zygotene
- Pachytene (correct)
- Diakinesis
Which shape describes chromosomes that have their centromeres located at the middle?
Which shape describes chromosomes that have their centromeres located at the middle?
- Telocentric
- Acrocentric
- Submetacentric
- Metacentric (correct)
What happens during the diakinesis stage of Prophase I?
What happens during the diakinesis stage of Prophase I?
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What aspect of shugoshin degradation is emphasized in the context of cell division?
What aspect of shugoshin degradation is emphasized in the context of cell division?
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Study Notes
Shugoshin and APC
- Shugoshin degradation is influenced by the anaphase-promoting complex (APC).
- The mechanisms controlling Shugoshin degradation remain unclear despite its dependency on APC.
Chromosome Morphology
- Metaphase Shape: Refers to the distinct shapes of chromosomes during metaphase.
- Types of Chromosome Arrangement:
- Metacentric: Centromere located in the middle.
- Submetacentric: Centromere is between the middle and end.
- Acrocentric: Centromere close to one end.
- Telocentric: Centromere located at one end of the chromosome.
Stages of Prophase I
- LEPTOTENE: Chromosomes begin to condense; prophase commences.
- ZYGOTENE: Synapsis starts, forming pairs of homologous chromosomes.
- PACHYTENE: Crossing over occurs; DNA is exchanged between non-sister chromatids.
- DIPLOTENE: Synapsis concludes, chiasmata become visible within bivalents.
- DIAKINESIS: Nuclear membrane disintegrates; prophase ends, and chromosomes are fully condensed.
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