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Questions and Answers
Which encryption method is used to establish a secure session between a client and a server in SSL/TLS?
Which encryption method is used to establish a secure session between a client and a server in SSL/TLS?
What is a Digital Certificate?
What is a Digital Certificate?
A Digital Certificate is an X.509 defined data structure with a Digital Signature that represents who owns the certificate, who signed the certificate, and other relevant information.
PGP provides all four aspects of security: privacy, integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation in sending emails.
PGP provides all four aspects of security: privacy, integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation in sending emails.
True
PGP uses a combination of ________ and ________ to provide privacy in email communication.
PGP uses a combination of ________ and ________ to provide privacy in email communication.
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What is cryptography's purpose in the presence of adversaries?
What is cryptography's purpose in the presence of adversaries?
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What are the three main problems that Cryptography solves?
What are the three main problems that Cryptography solves?
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What does Hashing ensure in message transmission?
What does Hashing ensure in message transmission?
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The Caesar Cipher was used by Julius Caesar for encrypted communication with his generals.
The Caesar Cipher was used by Julius Caesar for encrypted communication with his generals.
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Match the Symmetric Encryption Algorithm with its Key length:
Match the Symmetric Encryption Algorithm with its Key length:
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The main purpose of a Digital Certificate is to prove the authenticity of a public ___ for encryption.
The main purpose of a Digital Certificate is to prove the authenticity of a public ___ for encryption.
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What are the main functions of a Digital Signature?
What are the main functions of a Digital Signature?
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What does PKI stand for?
What does PKI stand for?
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Public-Key Encryption typically uses a single key for encryption and decryption.
Public-Key Encryption typically uses a single key for encryption and decryption.
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Study Notes
Introduction to Cybersecurity
- The course is offered by the Arab Academy for Science, Technology, and Maritime Transport (AAST-MT) and is part of the College of Computing and Information Technology.
- The course covers the basics of cybersecurity, including cryptographic fundamentals, cybersecurity threats, and risk management.
Cryptography Basics
- Cryptography is about secure communication in the presence of adversaries.
- It ensures confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity of messages.
- Confidentiality is ensured through encryption, which prevents unauthorized access to the message.
- Integrity is ensured through hashing, which verifies that the message has not been modified during transmission.
- Authenticity is ensured through digital certificates, which verify the identity of the sender.
Types of Cryptography
- Symmetric cryptography: uses the same key for encryption and decryption.
- Asymmetric cryptography: uses a pair of keys, one for encryption and one for decryption.
- Hashing: a one-way transformation that creates a fixed-size output from a variable-size input.
Symmetric Algorithms
- DES (Data Encryption Standard): a 56-bit key algorithm, considered outdated.
- 3DES (Triple Data Encryption Standard): a 112-bit key algorithm, considered more secure than DES.
- AES (Advanced Encryption Standard): a 128-bit key algorithm, widely used and considered secure.
- RC2 (Rivest Cipher 2), RC4 (Rivest Cipher 4), and RC6 (Rivest Cipher 6): a set of symmetric-key encryption algorithms.
Asymmetric Algorithms
- RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman): a widely used asymmetric algorithm.
- Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC): a type of asymmetric cryptography that uses elliptic curves.
One-Way Functions
- A mathematical operation that is easy to perform in one direction but difficult to reverse.
- Used in public-key cryptosystems.
- Examples: multiplication vs. factorization.
Hashing Algorithms
- Message digests: a summary of a message's content.
- Impossible to derive a message from an ideal hash function.
- Used to ensure integrity of messages.
- Examples: MD5 (Message-Digest Algorithm 5), SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm), and HMAC (Hashed Message Authentication Code).
Digital Signatures
- A digital signature is a hashing technique that employs a string of numbers to establish authenticity and verify identification.
- Typically used to authenticate documents or emails.
- Provides non-repudiation, ensuring the sender cannot deny having sent the message.
Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)
- A system of policies, procedures, and technologies that enable the creation, distribution, and verification of digital certificates.
- Digital certificates verify the authenticity of a public key used to encrypt an online asset.
Certificate Authority (CA)
- A trusted third-party organization that issues and verifies digital certificates.
- Ensures the authenticity of a public key and its corresponding private key.
SSL/TLS
- A protocol that uses PKI to establish encrypted and authenticated connections between a client and a server.
- Uses both asymmetric and symmetric encryption to protect the confidentiality and integrity of data-in-transit.
Pretty Good Privacy (PGP)
- A security program used to decrypt and encrypt email and authenticate email messages through digital signatures and file encryption.
- Combines private-key and public-key cryptography to encrypt data.
- Provides confidentiality, integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation in the sending of email.
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Description
Practice quiz for CCY2001 Introduction to Cybersecurity course at Arab Academy for Science, Technology, and Maritime Transport. Covers course material, including practical work and project assignments.
