6 Questions
What is the term for the heart rate increasing with inspiration and decreasing with expiration?
Pattern
What is the function of the Carotid and Aortic Bodies?
Measuring CO2, O2, and pH
What is the term for the slowing of the heart rate during expiration?
Bradycardia
What is the name of the condition characterized by alternating bradycardia and tachycardia?
Sick Sinus Syndrome
What is the term for the process by which the diaphragm contracts during inhalation?
Diaphragm contraction
What is the term for the fast breathing, slowing, and then stopping of breath, indicating brain respiratory center damage?
Cheyne-Stokes Breathing
Study Notes
Cardiovascular System
- Abnormal heart rate pattern in cats: heart rate increases with inspiration and decreases with expiration.
- Properties of cardiac muscle: automaticity, excitability, refractoriness, conductivity, and contractility.
- Heart rate: beats per minute, equivalent to pulse rate in healthy animals.
- Pulse rate: palpable/visible arterial waves per minute.
- Carotid and aortic bodies: chemoreceptors measuring CO2, O2, and pH, regulating respiration and circulation; can develop tumors (Chemodectomas).
- Bradycardia: slower heart rate during expiration, normal in brachycephalic breeds.
- Second-Degree AV Block: commonly found in horses due to high vagal tone, disappears with sympathetic activation.
- Sick Sinus Syndrome (SSS): alternating bradycardia and tachycardia.
Respiratory System
- Hemoglobin: attaches to oxygen, forming oxyhemoglobin when bound to four oxygen molecules.
- Diaphragm functions:
- Exhale: diaphragm relaxes, resulting in high pressure.
- Inhale: diaphragm contracts, resulting in low pressure.
- Cheyne-Stokes Breathing: fast breathing, slowing, and then stopping, indicating brain respiratory center damage.
Test your knowledge of the cardiovascular system, including heart rate, pulse rate, and cardiac muscle properties in animals.
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