Cardiovascular System Quiz 1

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What is the main function of elastic arteries?

To vascularize the walls of other arteries

To distribute blood to various organs

To reduce changes in blood pressure associated with heartbeat (correct)

To regulate blood flow in arterioles

What is the diameter of metarterioles?

10-100 um

8 um (correct)

100-200 um

200-500 um

What type of arteries have multiple sheets of elastic lamellae in their walls?

Arterioles

Metarterioles

Elastic arteries (correct)

Muscular arteries

What is the composition of the tunica media of elastic arteries?

Multiple layers of smooth muscle cells separated by elastic lamellae Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of vasa vasorum?

To vascularize the walls of elastic arteries Signup and view all the answers

What type of arteries distribute blood to various organs?

Muscular arteries Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the heart valves in the cardiovascular system?

To prevent the regurgitation of ventricular blood into the atria Signup and view all the answers

What is the outermost layer of the heart?

Epicardium Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Purkinje fibers in the heart?

To conduct electrical signals to the ventricles Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the atrioventricular (AV) node in the heart?

To regulate heartbeat Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the SA node in the heart?

To initiate the heartbeat Signup and view all the answers

What are the three layers of an artery wall?

Tunica intima, tunica media, tunica adventitia Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of muscular arteries?

More smooth muscle and less elastin in the tunica media Signup and view all the answers

Which type of blood vessel regulates blood pressure?

Arterioles Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of precapillary sphincters?

To prevent blood from entering the capillary bed Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of capillaries that allows for the exchange of substances between the blood and tissues?

Selective permeability Signup and view all the answers

Which type of capillary has fenestrations that provide channels across the capillary wall?

Fenestrated capillaries Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of arteriovenous shunts?

To provide direct routes between arteries and veins Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of venules?

Receive blood from capillaries Signup and view all the answers

Which type of vein has a diameter of as much as 10 mm?

Medium veins Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the tunica adventitia in muscular arteries?

Contains vasa vasorum Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of tunica intima in small arteries?

Has an internal elastic membrane Signup and view all the answers

In which part of the body are valves most numerous?

Lower limbs Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the tunica media in medium-sized veins?

Thinner than the same layer in medium-sized arteries Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of valves in veins?

To prevent retrograde movement of blood Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following veins has a diameter greater than 10 mm?

Superior vena cava Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the tunica adventitia in large veins?

Thicker than the tunica media Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the tunica intima in large veins?

No clear boundary between tunica intima and tunica media Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of coronary arteries?

Medium-sized muscular arteries Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of dural venous sinuses?

To collect and drain blood from the cranial cavity Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the great saphenous vein?

A long subcutaneous vein of lower limb Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of lymphatic vessels?

To collect excess interstitial fluid Signup and view all the answers