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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?
What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?
Which term describes a condition of a slow heart rate?
Which term describes a condition of a slow heart rate?
Which of the following roots means 'vessel'?
Which of the following roots means 'vessel'?
What does the suffix '-sclerosis' refer to?
What does the suffix '-sclerosis' refer to?
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What is the meaning of the term 'cyanosis'?
What is the meaning of the term 'cyanosis'?
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What condition is characterized by a severe pain and sensation of constriction around the heart due to oxygen deficiency?
What condition is characterized by a severe pain and sensation of constriction around the heart due to oxygen deficiency?
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Which of the following describes the thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the arterial walls?
Which of the following describes the thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the arterial walls?
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What does a sphygmomanometer measure?
What does a sphygmomanometer measure?
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What is the primary consequence of coronary artery disease?
What is the primary consequence of coronary artery disease?
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What is a congenital septal defect?
What is a congenital septal defect?
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Study Notes
Cardiovascular System Functions
- Distributes blood to all body areas
- Delivers needed substances to cells
- Removes wastes
Cardiovascular System Organs
- Heart
- Arteries
- Capillaries
- Veins
Cardiovascular Roots/Combining Forms
- angi/o: Vessel
- aort/o: Aorta
- arteri: Artery
- ather/o: Fatty substance
- atri/o: Atrium
- cardi/o: Heart
- phleb/o: Vein
- thromb/o: Clot
- valv/o: Valve
- -vascul/o: Blood vessel
- vas/o: Vessel, duct
- ven/o: Vein
- ventricul/o: Ventricle
Cardiovascular Prefixes and Suffixes
- brady-: Slow
- tachy-: Fast
- -ole: Small
- -ule: Small
- -tension: Pressure
- -sclerosis: Hardening
Cardiovascular System Terms
- Cardiology: Branch of medicine for diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease; physician is a cardiologist.
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Blood pressure: Measurement of force exerted by blood against vessel walls
- Systolic blood pressure: Blood pressure during ventricle contraction
- Diastolic blood pressure: Blood pressure during ventricle relaxation
- Angiospasm: Spasm or contraction of a blood vessel
- Angiostenosis: Narrowing of a blood vessel
Additional Cardiovascular Conditions
- Bradycardia: Slow heart rate
- Cardiomegaly: Enlarged heart
- Tachycardia: Fast heart rate
- Ventricular: Pertaining to ventricles
- Cyanosis: Slightly bluish color of skin due to oxygen deficiency
- Infarct: Area of tissue death following loss of blood supply
- Ischemia: Localized and temporary deficiency of blood supply due to obstruction
- Murmur: Abnormal heart sound (e.g., soft blowing, harsh click)
- Sphygmomanometer: Instrument for measuring blood pressure
- Stethoscope: Instrument for listening to body sounds
Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System
- Angina pectoris: Severe chest pain due to oxygen deprivation to heart muscle
- Aortic stenosis: Narrowing of the aorta
- Arrhythmia: Irregular heartbeat or action
- Arteriosclerosis: Thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity in artery walls (often due to atherosclerosis)
- Atherosclerosis: Formation of yellowish plaques of cholesterol on inner artery walls
- Cardiac arrest: Complete stopping of heart activity
- Cardiomyopathy: General term for a disease of the myocardium
- Congenital septal defect (CSD): Hole in the septum between heart chambers
- Congestive heart failure (CHF): Left ventricle muscle too weak to pump blood efficiently
- Coronary artery disease (CAD): Insufficient blood supply to heart muscle (often due to obstruction)
- Embolus: Obstruction of a blood vessel by a blood clot that broke off from another location
- Endocarditis: Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart
- Fibrillation: Extremely serious arrhythmia characterized by abnormal quivering of heart fibers
- Flutter: Arrhythmia characterized by rapid but regular atrial contractions
- Heart valve stenosis: Stiff heart valves unable to open fully, leading to blood flow problems
- Hypertension: Blood pressure above normal range
- Hypotension: Decreased blood pressure
- Myocardial infarction: Condition caused by partial or complete blockage of coronary arteries
- Myocarditis: Inflammation of the heart muscle
- Pericarditis: Inflammation of the pericardium (the sac surrounding the heart)
- Peripheral vascular disease (PVD): Any abnormal condition affecting blood vessels outside the heart
- Rheumatic heart disease: Valvular heart disease resulting from rheumatic fever
- Thrombophlebitis: Inflammation of a vein that leads to blood clot formation
- Thrombus: Blood clot formed within a blood vessel
- Varicose veins: Swollen and distended veins, usually in the legs
Pharmacology Relating to the Cardiovascular System
- Antiarrhythmic: Reduces or prevents cardiac arrhythmias
- Anticoagulant: Prevents blood clot formation
- Antihypertensive: Lowers blood pressure
- Cardiotonic: Increases the force of cardiac muscle contraction
- Diuretic: Increases urine production by the kidneys
- Thrombolytic: Dissolves existing blood clots
- Vasoconstrictor: Contracts smooth muscle in blood vessel walls
- Vasodilator: Relaxes smooth muscle in blood vessel walls
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Description
Explore the essential functions and organs of the cardiovascular system, including key terminology and anatomical roots. This quiz will test your understanding of how blood circulates and the various components involved in cardiovascular health.
