Cardiovascular System Anatomy and Functions Quiz

Heart Location and Structure

• The base of the heart is located at the level of the 5th intercostal space, posterior to the sternum.

Pericardium Function

• The main function of the pericardium is to protect the heart by reducing friction between the heart and surrounding tissues.

Great Vessels and Heart Connections

• The superior vena cava is directly connected to the right atrium of the heart.
• The aorta is directly connected to the left ventricle of the heart.
• The pulmonary artery is directly connected to the right ventricle of the heart, and its main function is to transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.

Heart Size and Pericardial Fluid

• The approximate size of the heart is about the size of a fist.
• The main function of the pericardial fluid is to reduce friction between the heart and pericardium.

Cardiovascular System Subdivisions

• The two subdivisions of the cardiovascular system are the pulmonary circulation and the systemic circulation.
• The pulmonary circulation transports deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.
• The systemic circulation transports oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body and deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart.

Myocardium Function and Location

• The main function of the myocardium is to contract and pump blood throughout the body.
• The myocardium is located in the heart wall, and it is the middle layer of the heart.