Podcast
Questions and Answers
Filling time, which is determined by the ______ rate, affects the preload immensely.
Filling time, which is determined by the ______ rate, affects the preload immensely.
heart
Increased ______ will result in an increased atrial contractility, which will then cause an increase in ventricular filling.
Increased ______ will result in an increased atrial contractility, which will then cause an increase in ventricular filling.
atrial pressure
Ventricular ______ is the ventricle's capacity to generate force.
Ventricular ______ is the ventricle's capacity to generate force.
contractility
Increased ______ refers to the increased force at any given end diastolic volume.
Increased ______ refers to the increased force at any given end diastolic volume.
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Without changing the end diastolic volume, we can increase the force at contractions through ______ innervation and circulating epinephrine.
Without changing the end diastolic volume, we can increase the force at contractions through ______ innervation and circulating epinephrine.
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Increasing the amount of blood in the ventricle would stretch it out, putting the sarcomeres of their ______ length, and allowing them to contract with a greater force.
Increasing the amount of blood in the ventricle would stretch it out, putting the sarcomeres of their ______ length, and allowing them to contract with a greater force.
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An increase in end-diastolic volume will cause an increase in ______ volume.
An increase in end-diastolic volume will cause an increase in ______ volume.
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Stroke volume increases when end-diastolic volume increases because the cardiac muscle fibers contract more ______.
Stroke volume increases when end-diastolic volume increases because the cardiac muscle fibers contract more ______.
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Increased sympathetic activity increases ______ volume, shifting the entire Starling curve up.
Increased sympathetic activity increases ______ volume, shifting the entire Starling curve up.
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Decreased sympathetic activity decreases ______ volume, shifting the entire Starling curve down.
Decreased sympathetic activity decreases ______ volume, shifting the entire Starling curve down.
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When the end-diastolic volume is greater, the myocardium ______ out.
When the end-diastolic volume is greater, the myocardium ______ out.
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End diastolic volume is primarily determined by the end diastolic ______ (or preload).
End diastolic volume is primarily determined by the end diastolic ______ (or preload).
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Epinephrine and norepinephrine bind to beta-1 adrenergic receptors in the heart, increasing ______ and the rate of crossbridge cycling.
Epinephrine and norepinephrine bind to beta-1 adrenergic receptors in the heart, increasing ______ and the rate of crossbridge cycling.
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Enhanced presence of Ca2+ results in increased ______ at end-diastolic volume.
Enhanced presence of Ca2+ results in increased ______ at end-diastolic volume.
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Afterload is the pressure that the ventricles have to work against to expel blood from the heart. It is impacted by the pressure of the ______.
Afterload is the pressure that the ventricles have to work against to expel blood from the heart. It is impacted by the pressure of the ______.
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As mean arterial pressure (MAP) increases, afterload also ______.
As mean arterial pressure (MAP) increases, afterload also ______.
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Hypertension makes the heart pump harder to get the same volume of blood to the rest of the body, thus increasing the ______ on the heart.
Hypertension makes the heart pump harder to get the same volume of blood to the rest of the body, thus increasing the ______ on the heart.
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To demonstrate the idea of afterload, think about someone pushing a boulder up a steep hill. In this analogy, the person is like the ventricles pushing blood through the blood vessels, and gravity is the ______.
To demonstrate the idea of afterload, think about someone pushing a boulder up a steep hill. In this analogy, the person is like the ventricles pushing blood through the blood vessels, and gravity is the ______.
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