Cardiovascular and Respiratory Conditions: Pathophysiology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which condition is characterized by the accumulation of plaque in the coronary arteries?

  • Congenital heart disease
  • Congestive heart failure
  • Myocardial infarction (correct)
  • Post-Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
  • What is the primary cause of mortality in both males and females in the Philippines?

  • Myocardial infarction
  • Hypertensive heart disease
  • Rheumatic fever
  • Atherosclerotic heart disease (correct)
  • Which condition is the most common cause of cardiac deaths in children in the Philippines?

  • Congestive heart failure
  • Myocardial infarction
  • Rheumatic fever (correct)
  • Post-Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
  • What is the leading cause of heart disease in adults in the Philippines?

    <p>Rheumatic fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary manifestation of congestive heart failure?

    <p>Shortness of breath</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which surgical procedure involves rerouting blood flow around a blocked artery to improve blood supply to the heart?

    <p>Post-Coronary Artery Bypass Graft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of coronary heart disease (CAD)?

    <p>Atherosclerosis with thrombosis superimposed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the sites where multifocal plaque development predominantly occurs?

    <p>High and oscillatory endothelial shear stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of atherogenesis and plaque development?

    <p>Extravasation and retention of apoprotein B–containing lipoproteins into the intima</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does endothelial cells play in the development of atherosclerosis?

    <p>Key role in the development of atherosclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What leads to atherothrombotic events such as fatal heart attacks or disabling strokes?

    <p>Development of vulnerable plaques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the leading cause of death and severe disability worldwide?

    <p>Chronic, lipid-driven inflammatory disease of the arterial wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What leads to multifocal plaque development primarily at certain arterial sites?

    <p>Low and oscillatory endothelial shear stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates the inflammatory disease of the arterial wall leading to plaque development?

    <p>Atherosclerosis with thrombosis superimposed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What results from the oxidation of lipoproteins into cytotoxic, proinflammatory substances?

    <p>Chronic lipid-driven inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the advanced atherosclerotic lesions responsible for clinical disease?

    <p>Obstructive plaques in the coronaries and other arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

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