Cardiovascular and Respiratory Conditions: Pathophysiology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which condition is characterized by the accumulation of plaque in the coronary arteries?

  • Congenital heart disease
  • Congestive heart failure
  • Myocardial infarction (correct)
  • Post-Coronary Artery Bypass Graft

What is the primary cause of mortality in both males and females in the Philippines?

  • Myocardial infarction
  • Hypertensive heart disease
  • Rheumatic fever
  • Atherosclerotic heart disease (correct)

Which condition is the most common cause of cardiac deaths in children in the Philippines?

  • Congestive heart failure
  • Myocardial infarction
  • Rheumatic fever (correct)
  • Post-Coronary Artery Bypass Graft

What is the leading cause of heart disease in adults in the Philippines?

<p>Rheumatic fever (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary manifestation of congestive heart failure?

<p>Shortness of breath (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which surgical procedure involves rerouting blood flow around a blocked artery to improve blood supply to the heart?

<p>Post-Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of coronary heart disease (CAD)?

<p>Atherosclerosis with thrombosis superimposed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the sites where multifocal plaque development predominantly occurs?

<p>High and oscillatory endothelial shear stress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of atherogenesis and plaque development?

<p>Extravasation and retention of apoprotein B–containing lipoproteins into the intima (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does endothelial cells play in the development of atherosclerosis?

<p>Key role in the development of atherosclerosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What leads to atherothrombotic events such as fatal heart attacks or disabling strokes?

<p>Development of vulnerable plaques (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the leading cause of death and severe disability worldwide?

<p>Chronic, lipid-driven inflammatory disease of the arterial wall (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What leads to multifocal plaque development primarily at certain arterial sites?

<p>Low and oscillatory endothelial shear stress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What initiates the inflammatory disease of the arterial wall leading to plaque development?

<p>Atherosclerosis with thrombosis superimposed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What results from the oxidation of lipoproteins into cytotoxic, proinflammatory substances?

<p>Chronic lipid-driven inflammation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the advanced atherosclerotic lesions responsible for clinical disease?

<p>Obstructive plaques in the coronaries and other arteries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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