Carbohydrates: Structure and Classification
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of carbohydrates in nature?

  • Hormone regulation and nerve conduction
  • Energy production and structural rigidity (correct)
  • Fat storage and muscle contraction
  • Protein synthesis and cell signaling

    • What is the characteristic of the chiral center farthest from the carbonyl group in all D sugars?

  • It is not a chiral center
  • S configuration
  • It varies depending on the sugar
  • R configuration (correct)

    • What is the result of cyclization of aldohexoses?

  • Formation of an open-chain structure
  • Formation of a pyrimidine ring
  • Formation of two stereoisomeric hemiacetals (correct)
  • Formation of a furanose ring

    • What is the difference between the α and β anomers of aldohexoses?

    <p>The hydroxyl group at the anomeric position is trans to the CH2OH group in the α anomer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the presence of the open-chain form at equilibrium?

    <p>Minimal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which anomers equilibrate?

    <p>Mutarotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of rings can some carbohydrates, such as D-fructose, form?

    <p>Furanose rings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the oxidation of an aldose with a suitable oxidizing agent?

    <p>Aldonic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of compounds are comprised of two monosaccharide units joined together via a glycosidic linkage?

    <p>Disaccharides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between RNA and DNA?

    <p>RNA contains D-ribose instead of deoxyribose</p> Signup and view all the answers

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