Carbohydrates: Structure and Classification

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What is the function of carbohydrates in nature?

Hormone regulation and nerve conduction

Energy production and structural rigidity (correct)

Fat storage and muscle contraction

Protein synthesis and cell signaling

What is the characteristic of the chiral center farthest from the carbonyl group in all D sugars?

It is not a chiral center

S configuration

It varies depending on the sugar

R configuration (correct)

What is the result of cyclization of aldohexoses?

Formation of an open-chain structure

Formation of a pyrimidine ring

Formation of two stereoisomeric hemiacetals (correct)

Formation of a furanose ring

What is the difference between the α and β anomers of aldohexoses?

The hydroxyl group at the anomeric position is trans to the CH2OH group in the α anomer Signup and view all the answers

What is the presence of the open-chain form at equilibrium?

Minimal Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which anomers equilibrate?

Mutarotation Signup and view all the answers

What type of rings can some carbohydrates, such as D-fructose, form?

Furanose rings Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the oxidation of an aldose with a suitable oxidizing agent?

Aldonic acid Signup and view all the answers

What type of compounds are comprised of two monosaccharide units joined together via a glycosidic linkage?

Disaccharides Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between RNA and DNA?

RNA contains D-ribose instead of deoxyribose Signup and view all the answers

Carbohydrates: Structure and Classification

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of carbohydrates in nature?

What is the characteristic of the chiral center farthest from the carbonyl group in all D sugars?

What is the result of cyclization of aldohexoses?

What is the difference between the α and β anomers of aldohexoses?

What is the presence of the open-chain form at equilibrium?

What is the process by which anomers equilibrate?

What type of rings can some carbohydrates, such as D-fructose, form?

What is the product of the oxidation of an aldose with a suitable oxidizing agent?

What type of compounds are comprised of two monosaccharide units joined together via a glycosidic linkage?

What is the main difference between RNA and DNA?

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