34 Questions
What should the patient do before the examination to prevent displacement of the uterus and uterine tubes?
Empty her bladder
What contrast media is preferred for the examination?
Water-soluble iodinated contrast
What can be a possible complication of the procedure?
Pain within the uterine cavity
What should be done before the procedure?
The procedure and possible complications should be explained to the patient
What are the gonads in the male reproductive system?
Testes
Where do the testes first develop in an embryo?
Posterior abdominal wall
Why is the temperature cooler in the scrotum?
Superficial position
What is the function of the ovaries in the female reproductive system?
Production of gametes
What is the average length of the menstrual cycle?
28 days
Where are the ovaries located in the female reproductive system?
Lateral wall of true pelvis
Which organs produce gametes in males and females?
Testes and ovaries
What is the function of the internal glands and ducts in the reproductive system?
Secrete hormones
What are the primary sex organs in males and females?
Testes and ovaries
What are the accessory sex organs in the reproductive system?
External genitalia
What is the difference between males and females in terms of their reproductive system?
Males have testes while females have ovaries
What is the major equipment required for an HSG?
Radiographic fluoroscope room
What is the lithotomy position?
A position where the patient is lying on their back with their legs bent and feet in stirrups
What may be used to alleviate some of the discomfort associated with cramping during an HSG?
Mild pain reliever
What is the purpose of proper bowel preparations before an HSG?
To ensure adequate visualization of the reproductive tract unobstructed by bowel gas and/or feces
What is the ideal capability of the table used during an HSG?
The table should have the capability to tilt the patient to a Trendelenburg position if needed
What is the purpose of the Trendelenburg position during the procedure?
To facilitate the flow of contrast media into the uterine cavity
What is attached to the cannula or balloon catheter during the procedure?
A syringe filled with contrast
How is contrast medium injected into the uterine cavity during the procedure?
Using fluoroscopy, the physician slowly injects contrast medium into the uterine cavity
What happens if the uterine tubes are patent during the procedure?
Contrast media will flow from the distal ends of the tubes into the peritoneal cavity
What equipment is necessary for a Hysterosalpingiography (HSG)?
A cannula or balloon catheter and contrast media
What is included in a HSG tray?
Vaginal speculum, basin, and cotton balls
What is the purpose of an HSG?
To test for fertility issues
What is the function of a cannula or balloon catheter in an HSG?
To hold the contrast media
What size needles are typically used in an HSG?
16 and 18 gauge needles
What is the purpose of inserting a balloon catheter during cannula/catheter placement for hysterosalpingography?
To occlude the cervix and prevent contrast medium from flowing out of the uterine cavity during injection phase
What position does the patient lie in during cannula/catheter placement for hysterosalpingography?
Lithotomy position
What is the purpose of inserting a vaginal speculum during cannula/catheter placement for hysterosalpingography?
To dilate the cervix
What is the purpose of cleansing the vaginal walls and cervix with an antiseptic solution during cannula/catheter placement for hysterosalpingography?
To sterilize the area
What position is the patient placed in after cervical placement of the cannula or catheter during hysterosalpingography?
Slight Trendelenburg position
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