52 Questions
What is a possible consequence of cystic endometrial hyperplasia?
Toxemia
Which type of bitches are most susceptible to cystic endometrial hyperplasia?
Bitches > 9 years old with no previous pregnancy
What is a common symptom of cystic endometrial hyperplasia?
Inappetence
What is the treatment for pyometra?
Hysterectomy
What occurs around 60 days after oestrus in some bitches?
False pregnancy
Cystic endometrial hyperplasia can lead to a ruptured uterus.
False
Hysterectomy is a possible treatment for false pregnancy.
False
Mammary tumors are a possible consequence of cystic endometrial hyperplasia.
False
Dioestrous is the time period when a bitch is pregnant.
False
Older bitches that have not had a previous pregnancy are more susceptible to cystic endometrial hyperplasia.
True
What is the primary cause of toxemia in cystic endometrial hyperplasia?
Contamination of the uterus by vaginal bacteria
What is the typical time frame for the onset of symptoms in cystic endometrial hyperplasia?
4-6 weeks after oestrus
What is a common behavior exhibited by bitches experiencing false pregnancy?
Nesting behavior
What is the primary treatment for delayed parturition?
Administering oxytocin in small doses
What is a potential consequence of untreated secondary inertia?
All of the above
Cystic endometrial hyperplasia can lead to a ruptured uterus and toxemia.
True
False pregnancy can occur up to 120 days after oestrus.
False
Hysterectomy is a possible treatment for mammary tumors.
False
Dioestrous is the time period when a bitch is not pregnant.
True
Oxytocin is used to treat primary inertia.
True
What percentage of mortality rate is observed in neonatal puppies?
5-35%
What is the critical period for neurologic and behavioural maturation in puppies?
First three weeks
What is the term for the period when puppies are incapable of moving around on their own soon after birth?
Altricial
What is the term for the period from birth to 21 days in puppies?
Neonatal
When do puppies' eyes and ear canals open?
After three weeks
What percentage of mortality rate is observed in neonates?
5-35%
During which period do puppies undergo significant neurologic and behavioural maturation?
First three weeks
What is the term for the period when puppies are incapable of moving around on their own soon after birth?
Altricial
What is the term for the period from birth to 21 days in puppies?
Neonatal
What is the probable cause of pseudo-pregnancy in bitches?
Vaginal stimulation or hormonal stimulation
The mortality rate of neonates is between 1-5%.
False
Puppies are precocial, meaning they can move around on their own soon after birth.
False
The period from birth to 21 days in puppies is called the paediatric period.
False
False pregnancy in bitches can be caused by mating to a fertile male.
False
The critical period for neurologic and behavioural maturation in puppies is the first seven days.
False
Match the following terms with their corresponding age ranges in puppies:
Perinatal = Less than one day Neonatal = One-21 days Paediatric = After weaning Maturation = 21-28 days
Match the following conditions with their corresponding causes in bitches:
Pseudo-pregnancy = Vaginal stimulation or hormonal stimulation Cystic endometrial hyperplasia = Failure to cycle False pregnancy = Mating to a sterile male Pyometra = Stress, poor nutrition, disease
Match the following stages of development with their corresponding characteristics in puppies:
Altricial = Requiring nourishment, incapable of moving around on their own Neurologic and behavioural maturation = Eyes and ear canals open, thermoregulation, eating solids Pre-weaning = 28-42 days Critical period = First three weeks
Match the following terms with their corresponding descriptions in puppies:
Neonatal mortality rate = 5-35% Neonates = Puppies in the first seven days Altricial = Puppies that can move around on their own soon after birth Maturation period = The period from 21-28 days
Match the following conditions with their corresponding effects in bitches:
Cystic endometrial hyperplasia = Failure to cycle Pseudo-pregnancy = Vaginal stimulation or hormonal stimulation Pyometra = Same as in canine False pregnancy = Mating to a sterile male
Why do Altricial animals bond strongly with their parents?
Because they rely on them for survival
What is the primary purpose of a bond between an Altricial animal and its parent?
To ensure the parent returns with food and moves the newborn if danger is present
What would likely happen if an Altricial animal fails to bond with its parent?
The newborn might not be fed and would likely die
What is the significance of a bond between an Altricial animal and its parent in terms of survival?
It ensures the newborn's survival by guaranteeing food and protection
What is the primary function of a parent in relation to its Altricial offspring?
To provide food and move the newborn if danger is present
Altricial animals bond strongly with their parents because they are able to survive on their own soon after birth
False
A bond between an Altricial animal and its parent ensures the mother will abandon the newborns if she experiences danger
False
Altricial animals are capable of moving around on their own soon after birth
False
The primary function of a parent in relation to its Altricial offspring is to provide food
True
If an Altricial animal fails to bond with its parent, it will likely thrive on its own
False
What is Pyometra
infection of the uterus that causes it to fill with bacteria and pus.
Inertia,' or 'secondary inertia,'
is when the bitch stops contractions part way through a whelping, and is one of the most frequent causes of Dystocia (abnormal or difficult birth).
Study Notes
Canine Reproductive Disorders
- Dystocia: problems in birthing
- Cystic endometrial hyperplasia (pyometra): uterus fills with fluid due to contamination by vaginal bacteria leading to toxemia
- Symptoms: thirst, vomiting, inappetence, shock, death
- Typically occurs 4-6 weeks after oestrus
- Common in bitches over 9 years old that have not had a previous pregnancy
- Treatment: hysterectomy
False Pregnancy (Dioestrous)
- Occurs 60 days after oestrus
- May exhibit lactation, weight gain, and nesting behavior
- May be related to the similarity between pregnancy and non-pregnancy
- Associated with mammary tumors
Canine Reproductive Disorders
- Dystocia: problems in birthing
- Cystic endometrial hyperplasia (pyometra): uterus fills with fluid due to contamination by vaginal bacteria leading to toxemia
- Symptoms: thirst, vomiting, inappetence, shock, death
- Typically occurs 4-6 weeks after oestrus
- Common in bitches over 9 years old that have not had a previous pregnancy
- Treatment: hysterectomy
False Pregnancy (Dioestrous)
- Occurs 60 days after oestrus
- May exhibit lactation, weight gain, and nesting behavior
- May be related to the similarity between pregnancy and non-pregnancy
- Associated with mammary tumors
Canine Reproductive Disorders
- Dystocia is a problem in birthing that can occur in dogs.
- Cystic endometrial hyperplasia (pyometra) is a condition where the uterus fills with fluid due to contamination by vaginal bacteria, leading to toxemia.
- Symptoms of pyometra include thirst, vomiting, inappetence, shock, and can lead to death if left untreated.
- Bitches over 9 years old that have not had a previous pregnancy are more susceptible to pyometra, typically 4-6 weeks after oestrus.
- Hysterectomy is often the only treatment for pyometra.
False Pregnancy
- False pregnancy, also known as dioestrous, occurs 60 days after oestrus and can lead to lactation, weight gain, and nesting behavior.
- Mammary tumors may be related to the similarity between pregnancy and non-pregnancy.
Parturition Complications
- Delayed parturition can occur due to primary inertia, where the dog does not show signs of parturition (contractions) despite being overdue.
- A green fluid discharge is often a sign that a Caesarian section is necessary.
- Primary inertia can be treated with small doses of oxytocin.
- Secondary inertia occurs when initial contractions decrease and labour ceases, resulting in uterine exhaustion, and requires immediate veterinary attention and oxytocin treatment.
Canine Reproductive Disorders
- Dystocia is a problem in birthing that can occur in dogs.
- Cystic endometrial hyperplasia (pyometra) is a condition where the uterus fills with fluid due to contamination by vaginal bacteria, leading to toxemia.
- Symptoms of pyometra include thirst, vomiting, inappetence, shock, and can lead to death if left untreated.
- Bitches over 9 years old that have not had a previous pregnancy are more susceptible to pyometra, typically 4-6 weeks after oestrus.
- Hysterectomy is often the only treatment for pyometra.
False Pregnancy
- False pregnancy, also known as dioestrous, occurs 60 days after oestrus and can lead to lactation, weight gain, and nesting behavior.
- Mammary tumors may be related to the similarity between pregnancy and non-pregnancy.
Parturition Complications
- Delayed parturition can occur due to primary inertia, where the dog does not show signs of parturition (contractions) despite being overdue.
- A green fluid discharge is often a sign that a Caesarian section is necessary.
- Primary inertia can be treated with small doses of oxytocin.
- Secondary inertia occurs when initial contractions decrease and labour ceases, resulting in uterine exhaustion, and requires immediate veterinary attention and oxytocin treatment.
Puppy Development Stages
- Puppy mortality rate: 5-35% in the neonatal period (first 21 days)
- 50% of puppies lost within the first seven days after birth
Characteristics of Newborn Puppies
- Altricial: requiring nourishment and incapable of moving around on their own soon after birth
Critical Period of Development
- First three weeks: most critical period for puppy development
- Neurologic and behavioural maturation occurs during this period
- Key milestones:
- Eyes and ear canals open
- Thermoregulation develops
- Eating solids begins
Puppy Development Phases
- Perinatal phase: less than one day
- Neonatal phase: one-21 days
- Paediatric phase: after weaning
- Maturation phase: 21-28 days
- Pre-weaning phase: 28-42 days
Puppy Development and Mortality
- Mortality rate of neonatal puppies: 5-35%, with 50% of deaths occurring within the first 7 days
- Puppies are altricial, requiring nourishment and incapable of moving around on their own soon after birth
- The first three weeks are the most critical period, during which neurologic and behavioral maturation occur
- Key milestones in the first three weeks include:
- Eyes and ear canals opening
- Development of thermoregulation
- Introduction to solid food
Stages of Puppy Development
- Perinatal: less than one day old
- Neonatal: 1-21 days old
- Paediatric: after weaning
- Maturation period: 21-28 days
- Pre-weaning: 28-42 days
Feline Disorders
- Pseudopregnancy: mating with a sterile male, or stimulated by vaginal or hormonal means
- Cystic endometrial hyperplasia (Pyometra): same as in canines, with causes including:
- Failure to cycle due to stress, poor nutrition, disease, or inadequate light
- Cystic follicles
Puppy Development and Mortality
- Mortality rate of neonatal puppies: 5-35%, with 50% of deaths occurring within the first 7 days
- Puppies are altricial, requiring nourishment and incapable of moving around on their own soon after birth
- The first three weeks are the most critical period, during which neurologic and behavioral maturation occur
- Key milestones in the first three weeks include:
- Eyes and ear canals opening
- Development of thermoregulation
- Introduction to solid food
Stages of Puppy Development
- Perinatal: less than one day old
- Neonatal: 1-21 days old
- Paediatric: after weaning
- Maturation period: 21-28 days
- Pre-weaning: 28-42 days
Feline Disorders
- Pseudopregnancy: mating with a sterile male, or stimulated by vaginal or hormonal means
- Cystic endometrial hyperplasia (Pyometra): same as in canines, with causes including:
- Failure to cycle due to stress, poor nutrition, disease, or inadequate light
- Cystic follicles
Puppy Development and Mortality
- Mortality rate of neonatal puppies: 5-35%, with 50% of deaths occurring within the first 7 days
- Puppies are altricial, requiring nourishment and incapable of moving around on their own soon after birth
- The first three weeks are the most critical period, during which neurologic and behavioral maturation occur
- Key milestones in the first three weeks include:
- Eyes and ear canals opening
- Development of thermoregulation
- Introduction to solid food
Stages of Puppy Development
- Perinatal: less than one day old
- Neonatal: 1-21 days old
- Paediatric: after weaning
- Maturation period: 21-28 days
- Pre-weaning: 28-42 days
Feline Disorders
- Pseudopregnancy: mating with a sterile male, or stimulated by vaginal or hormonal means
- Cystic endometrial hyperplasia (Pyometra): same as in canines, with causes including:
- Failure to cycle due to stress, poor nutrition, disease, or inadequate light
- Cystic follicles
Altricial Animal Bonding
- Altricial animals rely on their parents for survival, making bonding crucial for their existence.
- A strong bond ensures the mother's return to the newborns with food, providing sustenance for survival.
- The bond also prompts the mother to move the newborns to safety if she senses danger, protecting them from harm.
- Without a bond, the newborns may not receive food, leading to a high risk of death.
Altricial Animal Bonding
- Altricial animals rely on their parents for survival, making bonding crucial for their existence.
- A strong bond ensures the mother's return to the newborns with food, providing sustenance for survival.
- The bond also prompts the mother to move the newborns to safety if she senses danger, protecting them from harm.
- Without a bond, the newborns may not receive food, leading to a high risk of death.
This quiz covers common reproductive disorders in dogs, including dystocia and false pregnancy, their symptoms, and treatment options.
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