Cancer Chemotherapeutic Agents Lecture 3 Quiz

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What is the main focus of the lecture on Cancer Chemotherapeutic Agents?

Detailing the mechanism of action of DNA intercalating agents

Discussing the therapeutic properties of reductively activated anticancer agents (correct)

Exploring the DNA of mitomycin C

Understanding the vascular network of tumor tissue

Why do areas of hypoxia and necrosis often develop in tumor tissue?

Tumor cells receive adequate nutrient and oxygen supply

Normal tissue vessels are far apart

Vasculature in tumors is hierarchically organized

Tumor cells are chaotic and have sluggish blood flow (correct)

Which characteristic distinguishes normal vasculature from tumor vasculature?

Dilated and tortuous vessels (correct)

Close proximity to blood vessels

Adequate nutrient supply to all cells

Hierarchical organization

What is the significance of DNA intercalating agents in cancer treatment?

They disrupt DNA structure in tumor cells Signup and view all the answers

Which type of anticancer agents are reductively activated, such as mitomycin C?

DNA intercalating agents Signup and view all the answers

What structural units are present in Mytomycin C?

Quinone and aziridine Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cancer is porfiromycin in phase III trials for according to the text?

Head and neck cancer Signup and view all the answers

What is the main limitation mentioned in the text regarding the effectiveness of Mitomycin C and similar compounds?

They require bioreductive activation Signup and view all the answers

What is the active species formed after the reduction of Mitomycin C?

Hydroquinone Signup and view all the answers

How does Mitomycin C react with DNA according to the text?

Forms bridges between two complementary DNA strands Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Mytomycin C's indole derivative?

Creates electrophilic iminium species Signup and view all the answers

Which structural feature is most common in compounds like Mitomycin C?

'Quinone unit' Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bonding is primarily responsible for the stabilization of the intercalated complex of doxorubicin with DNA?

Electrostatic interactions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processes does doxorubicin NOT participate in to cause DNA damage?

Causing the formation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors contributes to doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity?

The presence of Fe2+, which converts H2O2 to the highly toxic .OH radical through the Fenton reaction Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes dexrazoxane in relation to doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity?

Dexrazoxane is an antioxidant and iron chelator that minimises cardiac toxicity caused by doxorubicin Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is involved in the conversion of H2O2 to water and oxygen in the presence of dexrazoxane?

Catalase Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does NOT contribute to the mechanism of action of doxorubicin in treating cancer?

Direct binding to and inhibition of cell membrane proteins, leading to cell death Signup and view all the answers

What is a common structural feature of mitomycin analogs designed for activity in nonhypoxic cells?

Aminoethylene disulfide side chain Signup and view all the answers

Which compound is exemplified by KW-2149, known to cause interstrand DNA cross-links and DNA–protein cross-links?

KW-2149 Signup and view all the answers

What is the process through which DNA intercalating agents interact with DNA?

Intercalation Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the perpendicular insertion of aromatic ring systems between DNA base pairs?

Intercalation Signup and view all the answers

Mitoxantrone is more efficient as a DNA intercalator due to its interaction with which part of the DNA?

Sugar phosphate backbone Signup and view all the answers

Which type of interactions stabilize the complex formed between a DNA intercalating drug and DNA?

Van der Waals, π- π stacking interactions, ionic interactions, hydrogen bonding Signup and view all the answers

What structural characteristic makes cationic species more efficient DNA intercalators?

+vely charged groups that interact with DNA sugar phosphate backbone Signup and view all the answers

Which molecules are typically distorted by the insertion of DNA intercalators between base pairs?

-vely charged sugar phosphate backbone Signup and view all the answers

What specific structural changes induced by DNA intercalation interfere with the function of DNA-associated proteins?

Unwinding of the double helix Signup and view all the answers

What term best describes the process where DNA undergoes a conformational change involving an increase in vertical separation between base pairs upon intercalation?

Unwinding Signup and view all the answers