Cancer Chemotherapeutic Agents Lecture 3 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main focus of the lecture on Cancer Chemotherapeutic Agents?

  • Detailing the mechanism of action of DNA intercalating agents
  • Discussing the therapeutic properties of reductively activated anticancer agents (correct)
  • Exploring the DNA of mitomycin C
  • Understanding the vascular network of tumor tissue

    • Why do areas of hypoxia and necrosis often develop in tumor tissue?

  • Tumor cells receive adequate nutrient and oxygen supply
  • Normal tissue vessels are far apart
  • Vasculature in tumors is hierarchically organized
  • Tumor cells are chaotic and have sluggish blood flow (correct)

    • Which characteristic distinguishes normal vasculature from tumor vasculature?

  • Dilated and tortuous vessels (correct)
  • Close proximity to blood vessels
  • Adequate nutrient supply to all cells
  • Hierarchical organization

    • What is the significance of DNA intercalating agents in cancer treatment?

    <p>They disrupt DNA structure in tumor cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of anticancer agents are reductively activated, such as mitomycin C?

    <p>DNA intercalating agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural units are present in Mytomycin C?

    <p>Quinone and aziridine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cancer is porfiromycin in phase III trials for according to the text?

    <p>Head and neck cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main limitation mentioned in the text regarding the effectiveness of Mitomycin C and similar compounds?

    <p>They require bioreductive activation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the active species formed after the reduction of Mitomycin C?

    <p>Hydroquinone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Mitomycin C react with DNA according to the text?

    <p>Forms bridges between two complementary DNA strands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Mytomycin C's indole derivative?

    <p>Creates electrophilic iminium species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structural feature is most common in compounds like Mitomycin C?

    <p>'Quinone unit'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bonding is primarily responsible for the stabilization of the intercalated complex of doxorubicin with DNA?

    <p>Electrostatic interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following processes does doxorubicin NOT participate in to cause DNA damage?

    <p>Causing the formation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors contributes to doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity?

    <p>The presence of Fe2+, which converts H2O2 to the highly toxic .OH radical through the Fenton reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best describes dexrazoxane in relation to doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity?

    <p>Dexrazoxane is an antioxidant and iron chelator that minimises cardiac toxicity caused by doxorubicin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is involved in the conversion of H2O2 to water and oxygen in the presence of dexrazoxane?

    <p>Catalase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does NOT contribute to the mechanism of action of doxorubicin in treating cancer?

    <p>Direct binding to and inhibition of cell membrane proteins, leading to cell death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common structural feature of mitomycin analogs designed for activity in nonhypoxic cells?

    <p>Aminoethylene disulfide side chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compound is exemplified by KW-2149, known to cause interstrand DNA cross-links and DNA–protein cross-links?

    <p>KW-2149</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process through which DNA intercalating agents interact with DNA?

    <p>Intercalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the perpendicular insertion of aromatic ring systems between DNA base pairs?

    <p>Intercalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mitoxantrone is more efficient as a DNA intercalator due to its interaction with which part of the DNA?

    <p>Sugar phosphate backbone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of interactions stabilize the complex formed between a DNA intercalating drug and DNA?

    <p>Van der Waals, π- π stacking interactions, ionic interactions, hydrogen bonding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural characteristic makes cationic species more efficient DNA intercalators?

    <p>+vely charged groups that interact with DNA sugar phosphate backbone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecules are typically distorted by the insertion of DNA intercalators between base pairs?

    <p>-vely charged sugar phosphate backbone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What specific structural changes induced by DNA intercalation interfere with the function of DNA-associated proteins?

    <p>Unwinding of the double helix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term best describes the process where DNA undergoes a conformational change involving an increase in vertical separation between base pairs upon intercalation?

    <p>Unwinding</p> Signup and view all the answers

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