Cancer and Neoplasia Overview
31 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic typically associated with a malignant neoplasm?

  • Invasion
  • Anaplasia
  • Indolence (correct)
  • Metastasis

    • Which term is often used interchangeably with 'carcinoma', but technically encompasses both carcinomas and sarcomas?

  • Anaplasia
  • Cancer (correct)
  • Neoplasm
  • Benign tumor

    • A defining feature distinguishing indolent (benign) neoplasms from aggressive (malignant) neoplasms involves:

  • The presence of anaplasia.
  • The absence of invasion.
  • The absence of metastasis.
  • All of the above. (correct)

    • If a tumor displays a high degree of anaplasia, which of the following is MOST likely TRUE?

    <p>The tumor is malignant and likely capable of metastasis. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following BEST describes the distinction between 'neoplasia' and 'neoplasm'?

    <p>Neoplasia is the process of abnormal cell growth, while neoplasm is the resulting mass. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Benign means its good news, doesn’t ___ or ___ and it ends in -___

    <p>Invade; metastasize; -oma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Malignant means bad news, it’s ____, invades, ____ and ends in ____ or _____

    <p>aggressive, metastasizes , and ends in carcinoma or sarcoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the terms that end in —Oma that are actually malignant (the fakes)

    <p>Lymphoma, melanoma, mesothelioma and seminoma.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two ominous sounding terms that are characterized as tumor like lesions?

    <p>Hamartoma and choristoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a defining characteristic of a hamartoma?

    <p>Always possess identifiable mutations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following BEST describes the relationship between the stroma and parenchyma in a neoplasm?

    <p>Parenchyma represents the neoplastic cells, while stroma is the supportive connective tissue and blood vessels. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following scenarios BEST exemplifies a choristoma?

    <p>A disorganized mass composed of normal pancreatic tissue found in the spleen. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a choristoma?

    <p>They aer normal cells in an abnormal place</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hallmark of cancer specifically refers to the mechanism by which tumors evade normal growth control?

    <p>Proliferative signaling sustained (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of cancer, what does angiogenesis refer to?

    <p>The induction of blood vessel formation to supply nutrients to tumors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes metaplasia in relation to cancer development?

    <p>Metaplasia is a reversible adaptation that can lead to malignancy under continued stress. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hallmark of cancer involves the ability of cancer cells to replicate indefinitely?

    <p>Replication immortality enabled (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Anaplasia is related to ____ and is (reversible/irreversible)

    <p>Anaplasia is related to cancer and is irreversible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dysplasia is an abnormal cell growth that’s potentially reversible but is considered pre malignant — and can lead to cancer

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Parenchyma is made up of ____ and _____

    <p>Epithelial cells and mesenchymal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tumor like parenchymal cells: epithelial cells compose parenchyma of G.O.M.E. What is this acronym?

    <p>Glands, organs, mucosa and glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The mesenchymal cells compose of BBCME. What is BBCME?

    <p>Blood, bone marrow, connective tissue, muscle and endothelial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mesenchymal cells are _____ derived.

    <p>Mesoderm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the epithelial cells (of the parenchyma) are indolent [benign] what is the suffix we denote it with?

    <p>Oma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the epithelial cells (of the parenchyma) are malignant, what is the suffix we denote it with?

    <p>Carcinoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the mesenchymal cells (of the parenchyma) are indolent [benign] what is the suffix we denote it with?

    <p>Oma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the mesenchymal cells (of the parenchyma) are malignant what is the suffix we denote it with?

    <p>Sarcoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What three components are needed to make a medical diagnosis (MDx) for a neoplasm?

    <p>Organ location, prefix for tissue of origin, and suffix for growth behavior (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms to their correct definition

    <p>Adenoma = Tumor arising from glandular epithelium Papilloma = Outward growing tumor from cutaneous surface Polyp = Tumor growing from mucosal surface Free bee = Free bee</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the neoplasms with specialized names to their correct definition/characterization

    <p>Teratoma = Tumor derived from all 3 embryonic germ layers. Usually gonads; mostly benign Mast cell tumors = Referred to as low grade or high grade Leukemia = Given to a tumor that arises from neoplastic cells of the bone marrow and circulates in the blood Multiple myeloma = Malignant tumor of plasma cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tumors that arise from melanocytes : if the neoplasm is benign —they’re called _____. If it’s malignant, they’re called ______

    <p>Melanocytoma; malignant melanoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Cancer

    A fatal neoplastic disease characterized by invasion and metastasis.

    Neoplasm

    An abnormal and uncontrolled growth of tissue; a new growth.

    Neoplasia

    Formation of a neoplasm through progressive cell multiplication.

    Malignant Neoplasm

    Aggressive tumors showing high anaplasia and can invade other tissues.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Benign Tumor

    Indolent neoplasms that do not invade or metastasize.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Hamartoma

    Disorganized benign masses of cells native to the tissue involved; now viewed as neoplasm.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Choristoma

    A heterotopic rest of normal cells in an abnormal location, such as adrenal tissue on the liver.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Stroma

    The connective tissue and blood vessels that support neoplastic cells (the parenchyma).

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Parenchyma

    The functional neoplastic cells of a tumor, distinct from the supporting stroma.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Neoplastic cells

    Cells that undergo abnormal and uncontrolled growth, forming neoplasms.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Hallmarks of Cancer

    Key characteristics enabling cancer cells to grow uncontrollably.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Anaplasia

    Irreversible condition where cancer cells lose normal structure and function.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Metaplasia

    Reversible change where cells adapt to stress by transforming types.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Dysplasia

    Abnormal cell growth, potentially reversible but premalignant.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Angiogenesis

    Process of new blood vessel formation to supply tumors with nutrients.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Study Notes

    Cancer

    • Cancer is a fatal neoplastic disease.
    • Cancer cells invade and metastasize, unlike benign tumor cells.
    • Cancer cells are highly anaplastic. Anaplasia is irreversible loss of cell structure and function.
    • Broad categories include carcinoma and sarcoma.
    • Often used synonymously with carcinoma in general usage.
    • Key characteristics of cancer include resisting cell death, inducing angiogenesis, enabling replication immortality, activating invasion and metastasis, evading growth suppressors, and sustaining proliferative signaling.

    Neoplasia

    • Neoplasia is the formation of a neoplasm.
    • Cells multiply progressively under abnormal conditions.
    • Normal cell multiplication is either prevented or halted under normal circumstances.

    Neoplasm

    • Neoplasm is any new, abnormal growth.
    • Characterized by uncontrolled, progressive growth of tissue.
    • Aggressive (malignant) neoplasms differ from benign ones.
    • Malignant neoplasms show more anaplasia and have the ability to invade and metastasize (spread).
    • Also known as a tumor.
    • Composed of neoplastic cells (parenchyma) and supportive connective tissue and blood vessels (stroma).
    • Stroma is vascular fibrous connective tissue.
    • Parenchyma includes neoplastic cells, such as squamous epithelial cells.
    • Hamartoma is a disorganized but benign mass of cells native to the affected tissue (often involving blood vessels); mutations can occur and is now considered a neoplasm.
    • Choristoma is a heterotopic rest of cells (e.g., normal adrenal gland tissue on the surface of the liver). Dermoid is an example of a choristoma.
    • Metaplasia is a reversible adaptation to environmental stress where cells change from one type to another. Prolonged stress may lead to malignancy.
    • Dysplasia: Abnormal cell growth, potentially reversible, but considered premalignant and can lead to cancer.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    This quiz explores the concepts of cancer, neoplasia, and neoplasm. You'll learn about the differences between malignant and benign tumors, the characteristics of cancer cells, and the classification of neoplasms. Test your knowledge on these critical topics in pathology.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser