Cancer and Inherited Predisposition Presentation Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What makes up 10% of cancers?

  • Somatic mutations
  • Acquired DNA damage
  • Germ-line mutations
  • Inherited DNA damage (correct)
  • What type of DNA damage increases with age, leading to an increased risk of cancer?

  • Germ-line mutations
  • Acquired DNA damage
  • Somatic mutations (correct)
  • Inherited DNA damage
  • Which type of DNA mutation/error is carried by every cell in the body in inherited cases?

  • Somatic mutations
  • Environmental exposures
  • Germ-line mutations (correct)
  • Acquired DNA damage
  • What do acquired mutations in a cell may eventually lead to?

    <p>Increased risk of cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which environmental exposure can induce acquired DNA damage?

    <p>Diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of DNA mutation/error is only carried by the cancer cells and not the normal cells?

    <p>Somatic mutations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key consideration before conducting genetic testing for cancer susceptibility?

    <p>The suggestive family history of the individual</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a challenge associated with molecular screening to detect a mutation in an affected individual or family?

    <p>Technical demand of sequence gene or look for truncation mutants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of cancer, as discussed in the presentation?

    <p>Acquired DNA errors leading to cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant challenge in genetic testing for cancer susceptibility?

    <p>The identification of known or likely deleterious mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What problem arises due to the accumulation of multiple DNA errors/mutations?

    <p>Predisposition to cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main limitation of conducting genetic testing for cancer susceptibility in unaffected individuals?

    <p>Not considered appropriate for screening unaffected individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is cancer susceptibility testing not considered appropriate for screening unaffected individuals?

    <p>&gt;500 mutations have been reported and majority result in a truncated protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit expected from genetic testing for cancer susceptibility?

    <p>Early identification of at-risk individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the implications of a common disease like cancer in relation to phenocopies?

    <p>Increased risk of phenocopies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes cancer susceptibility testing more appropriate for specific ethnic groups?

    <p>Specific mutations more common in certain ethnic groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT mentioned as a cause of cancer in the text?

    <p>Regular exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The presence of which virus is NOT associated with a type of cancer according to the text?

    <p>Influenza virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which syndrome is NOT listed as an inherited cancer predisposition syndrome in the text?

    <p>Down syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of cancer mentioned in the text?

    <p>DNA damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells are particularly susceptible to genetic damage and cancer, according to the text?

    <p>Rapidly dividing cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What accounts for up to 80% of the carcinogens that individuals are exposed to in their diet, according to the text?

    <p>&quot;Natural&quot; carcinogens in food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor can transform a cell by altering critical genes that regulate cell growth, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Virus infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of virus can cause lymphoma, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>RNA virus or retrovirus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature suggests an inherited cancer susceptibility syndrome?

    <p>Several close or first degree relatives with a common cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the lifetime risk of breast cancer for individuals with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations?

    <p>83-88%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following features indicate an increased likelihood of an individual having BRCA mutations?

    <p>Breast and ovarian cancer in two different family members</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate goal in the management of any patient with a familial cancer syndrome?

    <p>Prevention or early detection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true about the identification of inherited cancer susceptibility genes?

    <p>The identification is in early stages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What plays a role in familial cancer and may also be implicated in sporadic cancer?

    <p>Genes implicated in inherited cancer susceptibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of individuals with a specific genetic defect will get colon cancer in some colon cancer syndromes?

    <p>100%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true about the cause of cancer?

    <p>Cancer arises from cumulative genetic errors resulting in a growth advantage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main benefit of screening for familial cancer syndromes?

    <p>Early evidence of clinical phenotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which testing strategy is considered optimal for individuals from families affected by breast cancer?

    <p>Testing the oldest affected family member first</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the common hereditary breast cancer genes?

    <p>BRCA1 and BRCA2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated lifetime risk of ovarian cancer for individuals with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndromes?

    <p>16-60%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some features that indicate an increased likelihood of an individual having BRCA mutations?

    <p>Suffering from male breast cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

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