BSL-4 Laboratory Safety and Containment
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Questions and Answers

What is a common use of BSL-1 labs?

  • Researching deadly diseases
  • Conducting large-scale experiments
  • Teaching high school and college students (correct)
  • Developing new vaccines

    • What is a necessary step in BSL-1 labs before disposing of potentially infectious material?

  • Decontaminating the material with a chemical or autoclave (correct)
  • Keeping the material in a separate room
  • Wearing personal protective equipment
  • Informing the general public about the material

    • What is a characteristic of BSL-2 labs?

  • They are used for teaching high school students
  • They require extreme precautions with contaminated sharp items (correct)
  • They handle only non-pathogenic microorganisms
  • They do not require lab personnel to have specific training

    • Which of the following microorganisms is typically handled in a BSL-1 lab?

    <p>Non-pathogenic strain of Escherichia coli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following viruses is classified as a Risk Group 2 agent?

    <p>Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary risk associated with BSL-3 labs?

    <p>Disease transmission through the inhalation route</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a purpose of biological safety cabinets in BSL-2 labs?

    <p>To contain infectious aerosols or splashes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following microorganisms is not typically handled in a BSL-1 lab?

    <p>Hepatitis A virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a requirement for laboratory personnel working with BSL-2 agents?

    <p>They must have specific training in handling pathogenic agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between BSL-1 and BSL-2 labs?

    <p>The type of microorganisms handled</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Laboratory Safety and Biosafety Levels

    • All laboratory waste, including filtered air, water, and trash, must be decontaminated before leaving the facility.

    Risk Group 4 Agents

    • BSL-4 labs are used for diagnostic work and research on easily transmitted pathogens that can cause fatal diseases.
    • Examples of Risk Group 4 agents include:
      • Covaid-19 virus
      • Hendra virus
      • Nipah virus
      • Flaviviruses
      • Variola virus (causative agent of smallpox)

    Isolation and Ventilation

    • Isolation can be an effective method of control if a hazardous job can be moved to a part of the workplace where fewer people will be exposed.
    • Ventilation can be used for two reasons:
      • To prevent the work environment from being too hot, cold, dry, or humid.
      • To prevent contaminants in the air from getting into the areas where workers breathe.

    Other Methods of Control

    • General cleanliness
    • Personal hygiene practices:
      • Never pipette by mouth
      • Do not consume lab ice or deionized water
      • No eating, drinking, and using cosmetics
      • Wash hands/arms before leaving the lab

    The SAFETY Pyramid

    • The SAFETY Pyramid consists of:
      • Fatality
      • Lost time injury
      • Injury zone
      • Recordable injury
      • Minor injury/first aid
      • Near misses/hazard recognition
      • Personal safety awareness
      • Heightened safety awareness
      • Tailgate meetings, Work Instructions, and SOPs

    Total Safety Culture

    • A Near Miss is an incident or unsafe condition with potential for injury, but a fortunate break in the chain of events prevented an injury or fatality.

    Risk Group 3 Agents

    • Examples of Risk Group 3 agents include:
      • Mycobacterium tuberculosis
      • SARS virus
      • Rift Valley fever virus
      • Rickettsia rickettsii
      • Yellow fever virus
      • West Nile virus
      • Several species of Brucella

    Biosafety Levels

    • BSL-4 is the highest level of biosafety precautions and is appropriate for work with agents that could easily be aerosol-transmitted within the lab and cause severe to fatal disease in humans for which there are no available vaccines or treatments.
    • BSL-3 is suitable for work involving microbes that can cause serious and potentially lethal disease via the inhalation route.
    • BSL-2 is suitable for work involving agents of moderate potential hazard to personnel and the environment.
    • BSL-1 is appropriate for work with several kinds of microorganisms that are not suspected to contribute to human disease.

    Risk Group 1 and 2 Agents

    • Examples of Risk Group 1 agents include:
      • Non-pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli
      • Staphylococcus
      • Bacillus subtilis
      • Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    • Examples of Risk Group 2 agents include:
      • Hepatitis A, B, and C viruses
      • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
      • Pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus, and Salmonella

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    Description

    This quiz covers the safety protocols and containment procedures for working with highly infectious and deadly pathogens in Biosafety Level 4 laboratories, including risk group 4 agents and viruses such as COVID-19, Hendra, Nipah, and smallpox. Learn about the decontamination of lab waste, isolation methods, and more.

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