Biosafety Level 3: Laboratory Safety Protocols
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary difference between Biosafety Level-3 (BSL-3) and Biosafety Level-4 (BSL-4)?

BSL-4 builds on BSL-3 practices and adds maximum containment facilities, pressurized containment suites, chemical decontamination showers, and liquid effluent collection/decontamination.

What is the purpose of a Biosafety Cabinet in a laboratory setting?

To provide a safe environment for handling biological agents by containing aerosols and preventing contamination.

What personal protective equipment (PPE) is recommended when working with biological agents?

A minimum of lab coat, safety glasses, and gloves.

What is the proper procedure for cleaning up accidental spills of biological agents?

<p>Evacuate the area, put on PPE, cover the spill with paper towels and apply bleach solution, allow 15-20 minutes contact time, and wipe up the spill working towards the center.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Biosafety Level-4 (BSL-4) typically associated with?

<p>Handling of dangerous and exotic agents that can cause life-threatening disease, with no known treatment, and aerosol transmission.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of proper attire in a laboratory setting?

<p>To prevent exposure to biological agents and to prevent the transmission of infectious diseases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a Biosafety Officer and a Biosafety Manual?

<p>To ensure compliance with biosafety protocols and to provide guidelines for safe handling of biological agents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of documenting training and personnel competency in a laboratory setting?

<p>To ensure that personnel are trained and competent in handling biological agents and following biosafety protocols.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of primary containment barriers in a laboratory setting?

<p>To minimize exposure to hazards and prevent contact with aerosols.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of agents are handled in Biosafety Level-1 laboratories?

<p>Well characterized agents that are not known to cause disease in healthy human adults.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Biological Safety Cabinets in a laboratory?

<p>To prevent exposure to hazardous materials and contain aerosols.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is required in Biosafety Level-2 laboratories?

<p>Lab coat, safety glasses, and gloves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Biosafety Level-1 and Biosafety Level-2?

<p>Biosafety Level-2 handles agents associated with human disease, whereas Biosafety Level-1 handles agents not known to cause disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of daily decontamination in Biosafety Level-1 laboratories?

<p>To prevent the spread of hazardous materials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of waste disposal is required in Biosafety Level-1 laboratories?

<p>Red bag waste disposal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Biosafety Cabinets in laboratory design?

<p>To provide a safe working environment and prevent exposure to hazardous materials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern when working with Risk Group 3 Agents, such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

<p>Aerosol transmission and serious health effects, with treatment not always existing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical aspect of Biosafety Level 3 practices?

<p>Daily decontamination after a spill and upon completion of an experiment, and autoclaving of waste at the end of the day.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of handwashing sink is required in a Biosafety Level 3 laboratory?

<p>A foot-activated handwashing sink with controls.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What personal protective equipment is required in a Biosafety Level 3 laboratory?

<p>Wrap-around disposable clothing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of minimizing aerosol transmission in a Biosafety Level 3 laboratory?

<p>To prevent the spread of airborne pathogens and protect laboratory personnel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of specialized equipment in a Biosafety Level 3 laboratory?

<p>To provide additional safety features and containment depending on the specific procedures being performed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Biosafety Level 3

  • Risk Group 3 Agents include Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Coxiella burnetii
  • BSL-3 agents are indigenous or exotic, have aerosol transmission, and can cause serious health effects with treatment may or may not exist
  • BSL-3 practices include:
    • Public access not permitted
    • Daily decontamination after spill and upon completion of experiment
    • Autoclave required and waste disposal at the end of day
    • Required foot-activated handwashing sink and controls
    • No sharps unless absolutely necessary
    • Aerosol minimization procedures required
    • Wrap-around disposable clothing is required
    • Specialized equipment may be required depending on procedures

Biosafety Concepts

  • Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) is a CDC/NIH publication
  • The BMBL is a "Gold Standard" in industry and provides guidelines for safety in laboratories
  • Biosafety issues include:
    • Safety equipment
    • Primary Containment Barrier
    • Minimize exposure to hazard
    • Engineering controls/equipment
    • Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
    • Biological Safety Cabinets
    • Covered or ventilated animal cage systems

Biosafety Level 1

  • BSL-1 agents are well characterized and not known to cause disease in healthy human adults
  • Prophylactic treatment is available
  • Open bench procedures are allowed
  • Animals are in open cage systems or open environments
  • Good laboratory practices are required
  • Risk Group 1 Agents include E. coli K-12, transgenic plants, plasmids, fungi, mold, and yeast

Biosafety Level 1 Practices

  • Bench-top work is allowed
  • Daily decontamination is required
  • Manual pipetting is allowed
  • Handwashing is required
  • Red bag waste is required
  • Bio cabinet is not required unless creating aerosols
  • 2˚ containment is required

Risk Group 2 Agents

  • Risk Group 2 Agents include human or primate cells, herpes simplex virus, replication-incompetent viruses, and patient specimens

Biosafety Level 2 Practices

  • Agents are associated with human disease
  • Treatment for disease is available
  • Agent poses moderate hazard to personnel and environment
  • Direct contact or exposure can occur
  • Percutaneous exposure and mucus membrane exposure can occur
  • Practices include:
    • Limited access to lab when work in progress
    • Daily decontamination
    • Mechanical pipetting
    • Labcoat, safety glasses, and gloves required
    • Red bag and sharps containers required
    • Biohaz. signs and labels posted
    • Air flow from low hazard to high hazard

Biosafety Level 3 Practices

  • Bench-top work is not permitted
  • Documented training and personnel competency certification required
  • Baseline serology is required
  • Spills must be reported immediately and treated accordingly
  • Vaccinations/post-exposure protocols and SOPs are required
  • Biosafety Manual and Biosafety Officer are required

Biosafety Level 4

  • Builds on BSL-3/ABSL-3 practices
  • Maximum containment facilities are required
  • Pressurized Containment Suite is required
  • Chemical decontamination showers are required
  • Liquid effluent collection and decontamination are required
  • Risk Group 4 Agents include Lassa fever virus, Ebola hemorrhagic fever virus, Marburg virus, and Herpes B virus

General Good Lab Technique

  • Hygienic practices include:
    • No smoking, eating, applying cosmetics, lip balm, or contacts
    • Washing hands after procedures
    • Decontaminating lab bench before and after work
  • General operational practices include:
    • Proper attire (minimum: lab coat, safety glasses, gloves)
    • Planning your work
    • Reading available resources (MSDS)

Accidental Spills

  • Evacuate area, alert personnel, and cordon off so that aerosols may settle
  • Don PPE, cover with paper towels, and apply bleach (1 part bleach: 9 parts water)
  • Allow 15-20 minutes contact time
  • Wipe up working towards center
  • Use tongs if broken glass is involved
  • Check if recombinant DNA is involved

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Description

This quiz covers the safety protocols and procedures for working with high-risk biological agents in a Biosafety Level 3 laboratory. Topics include signage, equipment labeling, ventilation systems, training, and vaccination requirements.

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